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Analysis of Strategies for Reducing Multiple Emissions from Power Plants:
Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides, and Carbon Dioxide

Table 18.  Projected Macroeconomic Impacts in the Reference Case 
and Two Integrated Emission Reduction Cases, 2005-2020

Projection

2005

2010

2015

2020

Real Gross Domestic Product
(Billion 1992 Dollars)

Reference

 9,869

 11,461

 13,107

 14,842

Integrated 1990-7% 2005

 9,754

 11,401

 13,104

 14,813

Integrated 1990-7% 2008

 9,809

 11,377

 13,084

 14,821

Real Gross Domestic Product
(Percent Change from Reference Case)

Integrated 1990-7% 2005

-1.2

-0.5

 0.0

-0.2

Integrated 1990-7% 2008

-0.6

-0.7

-0.2

-0.1

Consumer Price Index
(Index, 1982-1984 = 100))

Reference

193.2

219.7

250.9

295.8

Integrated 1990-7% 2005

195.0

222.3

252.8

296.5

Integrated 1990-7% 2008

194.1

222.0

253.0

297.0

Consumer Price Index
(Percent Change from Reference Case)

Integrated 1990-7% 2005

1.0

1.2

0.8

 0.2

Integrated 1990-7% 2008

0.5

1.0

0.8

 0.4

Unemployment Rate
(Percent)

Reference

4.2

4.7

4.5

4.1

Integrated 1990-7% 2005

4.8

4.8

4.4

4.1

Integrated 1990-7% 2008

4.5

5.0

4.5

4.1

Unemployment Rate
(Change in Rate from Reference Case)

Integrated 1990-7% 2005

0.6

0.2

-0.1

0.0

Integrated 1990-7% 2008

0.3

0.3

 0.0

0.0

Disposable Income
(Billion 1992 Dollars)

Reference

 7,053

 8,242

 9,494

 10,858

Integrated 1990-7% 2005

 6,956

 8,160

 9,458

 10,808

Integrated 1990-7% 2008

 7,000

 8,150

 9,445

 10,813

Disposable Income
(Percent Change from Reference Case)

Integrated 1990-7% 2005

-1.4

-1.0

-0.4

-0.5

Integrated 1990-7% 2008

-0.8

-1.1

-0.5

-0.4

Non-agricultural Employment
(Million Employed)

Reference

140.3

148.6

154.8

161.3

Integrated 1990-7% 2005

138.9

147.9

154.9

161.1

Integrated 1990-7% 2008

139.5

147.6

154.6

161.2

Non-agricultural Employment
(Change from Reference Case, Million Employed)

Integrated 1990-7% 2005

-1.5

-0.7

 0.1

-0.2

Integrated 1990-7% 2008

-0.8

-1.0

-0.2

-0.1

Note: All percent changes and changes from the reference case are rounded to one decimal point.

Source: Simulations of the Standard & Poor’s DRI Macroeconomic Model of the U.S. Economy.

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