Supplement Tables to the Annual Energy Outlook 2003


Table 56. Technology Market Penetration in Light-Duty Vehicles
(Percentage)
                                                     
2001-
 
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2025
                                                       
Car                                                      
Unit Body Construction
93.41
92.95
92.97
93.72
93.29
93.31
93.41
93.36
93.36
93.40
93.36
93.30
93.35
93.33
93.37
93.36
93.39
93.45
93.39
93.38
93.38
93.37
93.40
93.43
93.41
93.51
0.0%
Material Substitution II
49.96
49.97
49.97
49.95
49.97
49.96
49.94
49.94
49.93
49.93
49.92
49.92
49.91
49.90
49.89
49.89
49.88
49.87
49.87
49.87
49.86
49.86
49.85
49.85
49.85
49.84
0.0%
Material Substitution III
0.00
0.04
0.24
0.47
0.78
1.22
2.12
2.78
3.03
3.56
4.35
4.73
5.28
5.77
6.10
6.26
6.42
6.55
6.55
6.55
6.56
6.61
6.62
6.65
6.65
6.65
23.4%
Material Substitution IV
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.12
0.26
0.47
0.75
1.03
1.35
1.69
2.02
2.36
2.65
2.94
3.16
3.39
3.53
3.69
3.81
3.85
3.87
3.87
N/A
Material Substitution V
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.11
0.24
0.41
0.64
0.88
1.13
1.40
1.67
1.95
2.18
2.41
N/A
Drag Reduction II
54.27
54.51
54.37
54.03
54.27
54.20
54.52
54.52
54.52
54.50
54.49
54.50
53.86
53.05
52.39
51.88
51.53
51.17
50.87
50.59
50.31
50.01
49.81
49.61
49.54
49.46
-0.4%
Drag Reduction III
0.15
0.22
0.61
1.01
1.57
2.42
4.77
6.90
7.50
9.00
11.56
12.72
14.45
16.19
17.23
17.60
17.77
17.89
17.91
17.92
17.97
18.06
18.08
18.10
18.11
18.07
20.1%
Drag Reduction IV
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.21
0.52
0.97
2.05
3.11
3.63
4.55
5.91
6.78
7.79
8.91
9.50
10.15
10.48
10.77
11.00
11.02
11.15
11.30
11.34
11.40
11.41
11.39
N/A
Drag Reduction V
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.17
0.42
0.79
1.28
1.83
2.41
3.02
3.65
4.31
4.95
5.61
6.11
6.60
6.83
7.01
N/A
Roll-Over Technology
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
25.00
50.00
75.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
N/A
Side Impact Technology
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
25.00
50.00
75.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
N/A
Advanced Low Loss Torque Converter
5.83
7.23
11.11
11.13
11.89
13.87
23.15
28.88
30.80
33.91
37.85
39.80
42.88
46.52
49.27
50.34
51.68
52.66
52.71
52.72
52.99
53.50
53.61
53.78
53.80
53.73
8.7%
Early Torque Converter Lockup
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.38
1.02
2.06
5.35
9.11
10.75
13.72
17.89
20.09
21.71
24.69
26.41
27.84
28.49
29.01
29.50
29.55
29.94
30.42
30.56
30.77
30.79
30.71
N/A
Aggressive Shift Logic
2.94
2.98
3.02
3.06
3.20
3.44
3.97
4.51
4.73
5.16
5.82
6.16
6.60
7.09
7.46
7.64
7.82
7.96
7.97
7.97
8.00
8.06
8.07
8.09
8.09
8.08
4.3%
4-Speed Automatic
70.97
71.65
71.44
70.24
70.77
70.41
69.74
69.27
68.71
67.72
66.28
64.94
62.90
61.55
60.50
58.97
58.58
58.17
58.19
58.05
57.91
57.82
57.72
57.59
57.61
57.41
-0.9%
5-Speed Automatic
7.84
7.95
7.96
7.84
8.00
8.11
8.23
8.36
8.45
8.55
8.67
8.75
8.84
8.96
9.06
9.10
9.16
9.19
9.19
9.17
9.18
9.19
9.18
9.17
9.18
9.16
0.6%
6-Speed Automatic
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.10
0.24
0.40
0.57
0.77
0.99
1.23
1.45
1.69
1.84
2.00
2.09
2.19
2.23
2.36
2.43
2.46
2.46
2.46
2.46
2.45
N/A
6-Speed Manual
0.98
0.99
1.10
1.18
1.31
1.52
1.91
2.20
2.38
2.64
2.88
2.99
3.11
3.20
3.27
3.30
3.33
3.36
3.36
3.35
3.36
3.36
3.36
3.37
3.37
3.38
5.2%
CVT
0.04
0.06
0.16
0.29
0.46
0.72
1.14
1.48
1.71
2.06
2.50
2.74
3.06
3.58
3.80
3.93
4.06
4.16
4.17
4.19
4.26
4.34
4.38
4.43
4.45
4.46
19.7%
Automated Manual Trans
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.13
0.39
0.93
2.01
3.31
5.27
7.02
8.85
10.11
10.18
10.30
10.29
10.31
10.31
10.30
10.33
10.36
10.34
10.44
N/A
Roller Cam
84.82
87.09
93.16
93.03
93.15
93.17
93.27
93.32
93.34
93.37
93.42
93.44
93.45
93.46
93.45
93.45
93.45
93.44
93.45
93.45
93.45
93.45
93.45
93.44
93.45
93.43
0.3%
OHC/AdvOHV-4 Cylinder
3.56
3.51
3.50
3.58
3.54
3.53
3.54
3.54
3.53
3.54
3.54
3.53
3.54
3.54
3.54
3.54
3.54
3.55
3.54
3.54
3.54
3.55
3.55
3.55
3.55
3.56
0.1%
OHC/AdvOHV-6 Cylinder
5.12
5.20
5.20
4.99
4.97
4.78
4.53
4.29
4.09
3.93
3.82
3.75
3.72
3.69
3.68
3.68
3.67
3.65
3.67
3.68
3.68
3.68
3.67
3.66
3.67
3.63
-1.5%
OHC/AdvOHV-8 Cylinder
3.03
3.20
3.19
2.92
3.07
3.07
3.03
3.04
3.04
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.02
3.03
3.01
3.01
3.00
2.98
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
2.99
2.98
2.99
2.95
-0.3%
4-Valve/4-Cylinder
48.13
46.88
47.09
49.03
47.81
47.91
48.20
48.08
48.08
48.20
48.11
47.92
48.05
47.99
48.12
48.08
48.15
48.33
48.16
48.11
48.11
48.08
48.16
48.26
48.20
48.48
0.1%
4-Valve/6-Cylinder
23.42
23.51
22.86
22.12
22.71
22.85
22.96
23.25
23.45
23.56
23.71
23.86
23.84
23.89
23.85
23.86
23.83
23.77
23.83
23.85
23.85
23.86
23.83
23.80
23.82
23.72
0.0%
4-Valve/8-Cylinder
8.43
8.79
8.77
8.26
8.66
8.80
8.90
9.11
9.26
9.29
9.32
9.36
9.33
9.35
9.32
9.33
9.32
9.27
9.31
9.33
9.32
9.33
9.31
9.29
9.30
9.24
0.2%
5-Valve/6-Cylinder
1.17
1.63
2.18
2.14
2.18
2.19
2.18
2.19
2.19
2.19
2.19
2.20
2.20
2.20
2.19
2.20
2.19
2.19
2.19
2.20
2.20
2.20
2.19
2.19
2.19
2.19
1.2%
VVT-4 Cylinder
14.27
17.32
22.10
26.76
32.21
37.37
41.91
45.46
46.89
48.04
48.70
48.54
48.75
48.51
48.44
48.20
47.98
47.90
47.48
47.24
47.01
46.81
46.75
46.75
46.42
46.59
4.2%
VVT-6 Cylinder
3.34
3.44
3.59
3.56
3.92
4.31
4.76
5.32
5.73
6.03
6.33
6.49
6.62
6.76
6.84
6.87
6.92
6.96
6.96
6.96
6.97
6.99
6.98
6.99
6.99
6.98
3.0%
VVT-8 Cylinder
0.40
0.48
0.69
0.89
1.35
1.59
1.89
2.19
2.37
2.50
2.65
2.72
2.75
2.80
2.79
2.79
2.84
2.90
2.91
2.92
2.93
2.96
2.94
2.91
2.91
2.89
7.8%
VVL-4 Cylinder
6.58
6.53
6.54
6.73
6.83
7.14
7.52
7.97
8.31
8.57
8.77
8.90
8.96
9.02
9.04
9.03
9.06
9.10
9.08
9.08
9.08
9.09
9.10
9.11
9.11
9.13
1.4%
VVL-6 Cylinder
0.39
0.40
0.54
0.78
1.10
1.51
1.92
2.32
2.64
2.93
3.19
3.34
3.46
3.58
3.66
3.66
3.70
3.72
3.72
3.71
3.71
3.71
3.71
3.71
3.70
3.70
9.7%
VVL-8 Cylinder
1.09
1.16
1.27
1.32
1.56
1.74
1.92
2.08
2.13
2.12
2.11
2.09
2.04
1.99
1.91
1.85
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.85
1.86
1.86
1.86
1.85
1.86
1.84
2.0%
Camless Valve Actuation-4cyl
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.11
0.25
0.44
0.68
0.95
1.23
1.60
1.94
2.28
2.56
2.87
3.12
3.35
3.49
3.88
4.02
N/A
Camless Valve Actuation-6cyl
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.11
0.24
0.42
0.66
0.92
1.19
1.52
1.82
2.13
2.38
2.64
2.87
3.09
3.20
3.50
3.62
3.64
N/A
Camless Valve Actuation-8cyl
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.10
0.21
0.35
0.52
0.70
0.89
1.11
1.29
1.44
1.55
1.66
1.78
1.90
1.97
2.09
2.15
2.16
2.15
N/A
Cylinder Deactivation
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.14
0.36
0.64
0.91
1.23
1.47
1.67
1.90
2.15
2.35
2.58
2.80
3.02
3.13
3.24
3.37
3.42
3.42
3.43
3.43
3.42
N/A
Turbocharging/Supercharging
0.00
0.03
0.13
0.28
0.49
0.74
0.98
1.23
1.44
1.65
1.84
1.96
2.07
2.15
2.23
2.24
2.26
2.29
2.28
2.28
2.28
2.29
2.29
2.29
2.29
2.30
20.5%
Engine Friction Reduction I
65.93
67.05
69.38
69.47
69.41
69.40
69.23
69.14
69.11
69.06
68.81
68.58
68.19
67.58
67.03
66.38
65.58
64.67
63.79
62.86
61.86
60.79
60.00
59.17
58.44
57.95
-0.6%
Engine Friction Reduction II
19.10
19.39
19.79
19.93
21.27
22.44
23.86
25.10
25.43
26.03
27.43
27.58
27.94
28.29
28.43
28.52
28.59
28.62
28.64
28.65
28.67
28.71
28.71
28.71
28.72
28.68
1.6%
Engine Friction Reduction III
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.19
0.53
0.97
1.58
2.33
3.07
3.87
4.72
5.59
6.30
7.01
7.69
8.40
8.76
9.12
9.34
9.34
N/A
Engine Friction Reduction IV
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.16
0.40
0.72
1.16
1.67
2.22
2.80
3.40
3.98
N/A
Stoichiometric GDI/4-Cylinder
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.11
0.26
0.45
0.70
0.96
1.24
1.62
1.95
2.29
2.57
2.85
3.05
3.26
3.40
3.81
3.98
4.06
4.08
4.09
N/A
Stoichiometric GDI/6-Cylinder
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.11
0.24
0.41
0.64
0.88
1.13
1.44
1.71
1.99
2.22
2.46
2.64
2.82
2.92
3.18
3.29
3.32
3.33
3.33
N/A
Lean Burn GDI
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.13
0.30
0.53
0.86
1.17
1.52
1.89
2.23
2.58
2.88
3.16
3.38
3.59
3.72
3.90
4.00
4.03
4.03
4.03
N/A
5W-30 Engine Oil
40.10
40.31
40.31
39.96
40.16
40.15
40.10
40.11
40.10
40.06
40.05
40.06
40.01
39.99
39.95
39.96
39.94
39.91
39.93
39.93
39.92
39.92
39.90
39.88
39.89
39.85
0.0%
5W-20 Engine Oil
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.24
0.69
1.89
3.49
4.51
6.12
8.59
10.29
12.57
14.90
16.28
17.59
18.53
18.76
19.00
19.26
19.51
19.81
19.90
20.01
20.01
19.98
N/A
0W-20 Engine Oil
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
N/A
Electric Power Steering
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.15
0.42
0.81
1.26
1.87
2.70
3.42
4.35
5.43
6.25
7.13
7.89
8.63
9.09
9.57
10.20
10.68
10.95
11.22
11.37
11.36
N/A
Improved Alternator
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.14
0.32
0.53
0.83
1.19
1.50
1.85
2.22
2.56
2.84
3.12
3.34
3.55
3.64
3.78
3.90
3.91
3.92
3.93
3.92
N/A
Improved Oil/Water Pump
0.00
0.07
0.43
0.84
1.42
2.28
4.70
6.88
7.49
9.03
11.66
12.83
14.58
16.31
17.37
17.75
17.93
18.05
18.07
18.08
18.13
18.23
18.24
18.27
18.27
18.24
26.3%
Electric Oil/Water Pump
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.11
0.26
0.47
0.73
1.03
1.34
1.65
1.98
2.32
2.61
2.89
3.12
3.38
3.53
3.66
3.78
3.81
3.81
N/A
Tires II
52.59
53.02
53.03
52.35
52.76
52.73
52.87
53.08
53.06
52.99
52.98
53.00
52.91
52.90
52.82
52.80
52.74
52.64
52.69
52.69
52.66
52.63
52.58
52.51
52.51
52.32
-0.1%
Tires III
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.28
0.86
1.54
2.66
4.32
5.78
7.63
9.79
11.62
13.27
14.92
16.18
17.43
17.93
18.31
18.75
18.89
19.00
19.01
18.98
N/A
Tires IV
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.20
0.53
1.02
1.71
2.57
3.56
4.60
5.74
6.91
7.84
N/A
Front Wheel Drive
82.60
82.68
82.70
82.56
82.62
82.63
82.63
82.64
82.64
82.64
82.64
82.65
82.64
82.64
82.64
82.65
82.64
82.63
82.64
82.64
82.64
82.64
82.64
82.63
82.63
82.62
0.0%
Four Wheel Drive Improvements
0.00
0.02
0.13
0.24
0.38
0.54
0.81
1.07
1.15
1.28
1.45
1.49
1.57
1.58
1.58
1.64
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.66
1.66
1.67
1.67
1.67
21.3%
42V-Launch Assist and Regen
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.09
0.20
0.34
0.52
0.71
0.89
1.08
1.27
1.46
1.61
1.76
1.88
1.99
2.04
2.10
2.15
2.16
2.16
2.16
N/A
42V-Engine Off at Idle
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.09
0.20
0.34
0.52
0.71
0.89
1.08
1.27
1.46
1.61
1.76
1.88
1.99
2.04
2.10
2.15
2.16
2.16
2.16
2.16
N/A
Tier 2 Emissions Technology
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
33.33
66.67
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
N/A
Increased Size/Weight
0.00
5.00
10.00