Supplement Tables to the Annual Energy Outlook 2003


Table 45. Light-Duty Vehicle Sales by Technology Type
(Thousands)
United States
                                                       
                                                     
2001-
 
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2025
                                                       
New Car Sales 1/                                                      
Conventional Vehicles                                                      
Gasoline ICE Vehicles
8674.0
8191.4
7917.5
7986.7
7843.7
7499.4
7577.4
7571.6
7248.5
7362.0
7595.8
7521.6
7602.1
7668.1
7738.6
7871.2
7999.3
7814.0
7748.7
7806.7
7679.0
7570.5
7603.7
7591.6
7699.8
7653.7
-0.3%
TDI Diesel ICE
17.9
17.2
16.4
17.2
17.2
16.8
17.1
16.4
16.9
17.3
18.0
17.6
18.0
18.6
19.7
20.0
20.6
21.6
21.8
22.6
23.0
22.5
23.1
24.1
25.7
27.8
2.0%
Total Conventional
8691.9
8208.6
7933.9
8003.9
7860.9
7516.3
7594.5
7588.0
7265.5
7379.3
7613.8
7539.2
7620.1
7686.7
7758.3
7891.2
8019.9
7835.6
7770.5
7829.3
7702.0
7593.0
7626.8
7615.6
7725.5
7681.5
-0.3%
                                                       
Alternative-Fuel Vehicles                                                      
Methanol-Flex Fuel ICE
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.6%
Methanol ICE
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-1.6%
Ethanol-Flex Fuel ICE
210.0
489.4
468.2
470.7
462.2
436.2
443.5
453.6
448.5
452.2
472.2
474.9
474.7
480.1
495.0
506.5
509.1
506.4
501.2
505.5
501.0
492.2
494.3
492.4
501.5
496.2
0.1%
Ethanol ICE
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.4
3.9%
Electric Vehicle
2.2
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.5
2.9
3.0
3.2
3.6
4.5
7.5
12.2
14.9
23.9
28.4
29.1
43.2
44.5
42.5
59.0
59.5
56.8
55.8
55.2
52.9
13.5%
Electric-Diesel Hybrid
2.4
2.0
2.6
3.3
4.5
4.6
5.6
12.5
32.8
31.8
35.0
42.1
39.6
41.8
54.7
56.2
51.4
68.7
70.3
71.9
82.9
78.6
78.1
77.9
83.7
84.1
16.8%
Electric-Gasoline Hybrid
36.7
81.1
110.3
164.7
255.9
251.7
311.6
479.6
730.3
678.2
712.5
823.2
752.3
765.4
890.2
918.8
836.2
966.0
963.5
967.9
1016.2
1014.3
1016.9
1010.2
1022.9
1010.5
11.1%
Compressed Natural Gas ICE
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.0%
Compressed Natural Gas Bi-fuel
12.3
13.3
12.8
12.7
12.4
11.6
11.5
11.5
11.2
11.0
11.1
11.1
11.1
11.2
11.5
11.7
11.8
11.8
11.7
11.8
11.7
11.6
11.6
11.6
11.8
11.7
-0.5%
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ICE
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.5
1.6
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.6
6.4%
Liquefied Petroleum Gas Bi-fuel
42.7
47.5
45.0
44.7
43.4
40.6
40.3
40.2
39.0
38.3
38.6
38.8
38.8
39.2
40.2
41.0
41.2
41.1
40.8
41.1
40.9
40.3
40.5
40.4
41.0
40.7
-0.6%
Fuel Cell Gasoline
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
N/A
Fuel Cell Methanol
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
N/A
Fuel Cell Hydrogen
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.7
1.1
1.4
1.8
1.5
1.1
1.3
0.9
1.1
1.5
1.3
1.5
2.2
2.5
3.3
4.1
N/A
Total Alternatives
307.9
637.2
642.7
699.8
782.1
748.7
817.2
1002.2
1267.1
1217.4
1276.7
1401.0
1332.5
1357.0
1519.8
1566.8
1483.3
1641.5
1636.7
1646.0
1716.9
1702.1
1704.5
1695.0
1723.6
1704.5
4.2%
 
Percent Alternative Car Sales
3.42
7.20
7.49
8.04
9.05
9.06
9.71
11.67
14.85
14.16
14.36
15.67
14.88
15.00
16.38
16.57
15.61
17.32
17.40
17.37
18.23
18.31
18.27
18.20
18.24
18.16
3.9%
Total New Car Sales
8999.7
8845.8
8576.6
8703.7
8643.1
8265.0
8411.6
8590.2
8532.6
8596.7
8890.5
8940.2
8952.6
9043.7
9278.1
9458.0
9503.2
9477.1
9407.2
9475.3
9418.9
9295.1
9331.3
9310.6
9449.1
9386.0
0.2%
                                                       
New Light Truck Sales 2/                                                      
Conventional Vehicles                                                      
Gasoline ICE Vehicles
7060.3
6358.0
6187.8
6346.2
6348.6
6148.0
6298.6
6466.1
6345.5
6461.3
6727.6
6782.4
6843.0
6936.5
7079.0
7238.1
7317.5
7224.4
7182.9
7237.8
7167.7
7089.9
7117.4
7092.5
7182.4
7102.8
0.5%
TDI Diesel ICE
358.3
587.0
559.0
597.3
614.9
606.0
609.7
575.1
595.4
599.8
611.8
591.0
599.8
609.7
638.9
639.8
649.7
677.0
674.6
688.8
690.7
661.6
661.5
670.5
693.3
723.3
0.9%
Total Conventional
7418.6
6945.0
6746.8
6943.5
6963.5
6754.0
6908.3
7041.1
6940.8
7061.1
7339.4
7373.3
7442.8
7546.3
7718.0
7877.9
7967.2
7901.4
7857.6
7926.6
7858.4
7751.5
7778.9
7763.0
7875.7
7826.1
0.5%
                                                       
Alternative-Fuel Vehicles                                                      
Methanol-Flex Fuel ICE
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8%
Methanol ICE
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1%
Ethanol-Flex Fuel ICE
238.1
570.5
550.3
572.5
569.6
546.4
569.2
591.1
588.7
598.9
630.9
640.9
644.7
655.4
678.7
698.7
704.4
700.9
694.9
701.3
696.0
685.7
689.6
686.8
698.7
689.4
0.8%
Ethanol ICE
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
5.3%
Electric Vehicle
2.7
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.3
6.6
8.5
11.6
13.0
16.2
15.6
17.6
13.9
9.7
7.8
5.9
5.0
4.6
4.3
4.3
4.2
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
0.9%
Electric-Diesel Hybrid
1.4
1.2
1.6
2.0
2.8
2.9
2.8
4.5
10.7
10.9
12.0
13.8
13.9
14.9
19.6
20.4
19.5
25.9
26.4
27.1
31.3
29.2
29.2
29.4
31.7
32.6
14.7%
Electric-Gasoline Hybrid
21.9
41.8
60.4
101.5
160.8
160.9
208.9
295.8
408.4
395.4
415.0
460.8
442.7
452.9
510.4
530.9
503.5
560.8
558.4
561.8
588.2
586.2
589.4
587.2
594.3
589.5
11.7%
Compressed Natural Gas ICE
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
-1.3%
Compressed Natural Gas Bi-fuel
26.9
30.4
29.7
30.7
31.1
30.1
31.0
32.0
32.1
32.6
33.9
34.3
34.5
35.0
36.0
36.8
37.1
37.0
36.8
37.2
37.0
36.5
36.6
36.6
37.1
36.9
0.8%
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ICE
0.9
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.7
1.9
2.1
2.3
2.5
2.7
2.8
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.9
7.1%
Liquefied Petroleum Gas Bi-fuel
88.7
100.9
98.3
101.8
102.8
99.7
102.8
106.1
106.3
107.9
112.3
113.6
114.3
115.9
119.3
122.0
122.9
122.8
122.1
123.2
122.6
121.0
121.5
121.2
123.0
122.2
0.8%
Fuel Cell Gasoline
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
N/A
Fuel Cell Methanol
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
N/A
Fuel Cell Hydrogen
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.7
1.0
1.0
1.3
1.9
2.3
3.2
4.1
N/A
Total Alternatives
381.6
749.6
745.0
813.5
872.0
848.4
925.1
1043.1
1161.3
1164.3
1222.5
1284.0
1267.4
1287.7
1375.9
1419.1
1397.3
1457.0
1448.4
1460.9
1485.4
1469.4
1478.0
1473.4
1498.0
1485.1
2.9%
                                                       
Percent Alternative Light Truck Sales
4.89
9.74
9.94
10.49
11.13
11.16
11.81
12.90
14.33
14.15
14.28
14.83
14.55
14.58
15.13
15.26
14.92
15.57
15.56
15.56
15.90
15.94
15.97
15.95
15.98
15.95
2.1%
Total New Truck Sales
7800.3
7694.6
7491.8
7757.0
7835.6
7602.4
7833.4
8084.2
8102.2
8225.4
8561.9
8657.3
8710.1
8834.0
9093.8
9297.0
9364.5
9358.4
9306.0
9387.6
9343.8
9221.0
9256.8
9236.3
9373.7
9311.2
0.8%
                                                       
Percent Total Alternative Sales
4.10
8.38
8.64
9.19
10.04
10.07
10.72
12.27
14.60
14.16
14.32
15.26
14.72
14.79
15.76
15.92
15.27
16.45
16.49
16.47
17.07
17.13
17.12
17.08
17.12
17.06
3.0%
EPACT Legislative Alternative Sales
223.24
264.52
255.70
261.72
261.61
251.37
256.69
262.67
261.15
263.10
271.86
274.55
275.94
279.61
287.62
293.86
295.83
295.50
293.73
296.21
294.75
290.87
292.00
291.36
295.69
293.72
0.4%
ZEVP Legislative Alternative Sales
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
297.19
565.68
848.74
1110.67
1132.94
1175.06
1223.44
1231.27
1242.44
1317.18
1352.01
1356.20
1436.95
1435.01
1442.61
1521.49
1508.92
1511.06
1503.99
1530.14
1516.18
N/A
                                                       
Total Vehicles Sales
16800.0
16540.4
16068.4
16460.7
16478.7
15867.4
16245.1
16674.4
16634.7
16822.1
17452.4
17597.5
17662.8
17877.7
18372.0
18755.1
18867.7
18835.5
18713.2
18862.8
18762.7
18516.1
18588.1
18546.9
18822.8
18697.2
0.5%
                                                       
1/ Includes personal and fleet light-duty cars.
2/ Includes personal and fleet light-duty trucks.
ICE = Internal combustion engine.
EPACT = Energy Policy Act of 1992.
ZEVP = Zero emission vehicles from the low emission vehicle program.
N/A = Not applicable.
Sources: 2001 derived using: California Air Resources Board (CARB), "Proposed Regulations for Low-Emission Vehicles and Clean Fuels, Staff Report"; CARB, "ProposedAmendments to California Exhaust and Evaporative Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger, Light-Duty Trucks and Medium-Duty Vehicles - LEVII and ProposedAmendments to California Motor Vehicle Certification: Assembly-Line and In-Use Test Requirements - CAP 2000," (El Monte, CA, September 1998); Energy Information Administration(EIA), Describing Current and Potential Markets for Alternative-Fuel Vehicles, DOE/EIA-0604(96) (Washington, DC, March 1996); EIA, Alternatives to Traditional Transportation Fuels1998, http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/alt_trans98/table1.html; and EIA, AEO2003 National Energy Modeling System run aeo2003.d110502c.
Projections: EIA, AEO2003 National Energy Modeling System run aeo2003.d110502c.

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