Supplement Tables to the Annual Energy Outlook 2003

Table 21. Residential Sector Equipment Stock and Efficiency

                                                      2001-
  2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2025
                                                       
Equipment Stock (million units)                                                      
Main Space Heaters                                                      
Electric Heat Pumps
10.12
10.33
10.54
10.73
10.94
11.15
11.32
11.50
11.69
11.89
12.09
12.29
12.47
12.65
12.83
13.00
13.16
13.32
13.48
13.64
13.80
13.96
14.12
14.28
14.45
14.62
1.5%
Electric Other
20.33
20.50
20.66
20.83
21.03
21.25
21.50
21.76
22.04
22.32
22.61
22.90
23.18
23.43
23.69
23.93
24.16
24.38
24.60
24.83
25.05
25.27
25.50
25.74
25.99
26.24
1.0%
Natural Gas Heat Pumps
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
N/A
Natural Gas Other
55.72
56.43
57.18
57.89
58.61
59.33
60.08
60.87
61.68
62.49
63.35
64.23
65.04
65.81
66.56
67.30
68.00
68.69
69.35
70.03
70.71
71.39
72.09
72.78
73.48
74.17
1.1%
Distillate
9.38
9.36
9.34
9.31
9.29
9.26
9.24
9.22
9.20
9.19
9.17
9.15
9.13
9.11
9.08
9.06
9.04
9.01
8.99
8.96
8.94
8.91
8.88
8.86
8.83
8.81
-0.3%
Liquefied Petroleum Gas
4.69
4.69
4.70
4.71
4.71
4.70
4.70
4.70
4.70
4.70
4.69
4.69
4.69
4.69
4.68
4.68
4.68
4.67
4.67
4.66
4.65
4.65
4.64
4.64
4.64
4.63
-0.1%
Kerosene
0.93
0.92
0.91
0.90
0.88
0.87
0.86
0.85
0.84
0.83
0.82
0.81
0.80
0.79
0.78
0.78
0.77
0.76
0.75
0.74
0.74
0.73
0.72
0.71
0.71
0.70
-1.1%
Wood Stoves
2.14
2.13
2.11
2.10
2.09
2.07
2.06
2.04
2.03
2.02
2.00
1.99
1.98
1.96
1.95
1.94
1.92
1.91
1.90
1.88
1.87
1.86
1.85
1.84
1.83
1.82
-0.7%
Geothermal Heat Pumps
0.38
0.39
0.40
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.48
0.49
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.56
0.58
0.60
0.61
0.63
0.64
0.66
0.67
0.69
0.70
0.72
0.74
2.7%
Total
103.70
104.75
105.84
106.87
107.97
109.07
110.20
111.40
112.65
113.90
115.23
116.58
117.82
118.99
120.14
121.26
122.33
123.36
124.37
125.39
126.41
127.44
128.49
129.55
130.64
131.72
1.0%
                                                       
Space Cooling (million units)                                                      
Electric Heat Pumps
10.12
10.33
10.54
10.73
10.94
11.15
11.32
11.50
11.69
11.89
12.09
12.29
12.47
12.65
12.83
13.00
13.16
13.32
13.48
13.64
13.80
13.96
14.12
14.28
14.45
14.62
1.5%
Natural Gas Heat Pumps
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
N/A
Geothermal Heat Pumps
0.38
0.39
0.40
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.48
0.49
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.56
0.58
0.60
0.61
0.63
0.64
0.66
0.67
0.69
0.70
0.72
0.74
2.7%
Central Air Conditioners
40.67
41.69
42.74
43.76
44.81
45.87
46.98
48.11
49.27
50.42
51.60
52.79
53.90
54.97
56.01
57.02
58.00
58.95
59.87
60.80
61.73
62.65
63.58
64.50
65.44
66.36
2.0%
Room Air Conditioners
37.93
37.90
37.87
37.84
37.84
37.84
37.85
37.88
37.91
37.96
38.02
38.09
38.15
38.19
38.24
38.28
38.32
38.36
38.39
38.44
38.48
38.53
38.59
38.66
38.73
38.81
0.1%
Total
89.10
90.31
91.55
92.74
94.01
95.29
96.59
97.94
99.34
100.74
102.20
103.68
105.05
106.36
107.64
108.88
110.08
111.25
112.38
113.52
114.67
115.81
116.98
118.14
119.34
120.53
1.2%
                                                       
Water Heaters (million units)                                                      
Electric
40.37
40.60
40.80
41.01
41.26
41.53
41.79
42.08
42.41
42.74
43.10
43.46
43.79
44.09
44.38
44.66
44.93
45.19
45.44
45.70
45.96
46.23
46.50
46.79
47.09
47.40
0.6%
Natural Gas
55.37
56.22
57.14
58.01
58.90
59.78
60.70
61.64
62.60
63.55
64.56
65.58
66.53
67.44
68.33
69.20
70.03
70.84
71.63
72.42
73.22
74.02
74.82
75.63
76.44
77.25
1.3%
Distillate
5.02
4.98
4.94
4.89
4.85
4.81
4.76
4.72
4.69
4.65
4.61
4.58
4.54
4.51
4.47
4.44
4.40
4.37
4.33
4.30
4.27
4.23
4.20
4.17
4.14
4.11
-0.8%
Liquefied Petroleum Gas
3.18
3.17
3.16
3.15
3.13
3.11
3.10
3.08
3.07
3.06
3.05
3.04
3.03
3.01
3.00
2.99
2.98
2.97
2.96
2.95
2.93
2.92
2.91
2.90
2.90
2.89
-0.4%
Solar Thermal
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.40
0.40
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.49
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.52
0.52
1.6%
Total
104.27
105.32
106.40
107.43
108.52
109.61
110.74
111.93
113.17
114.42
115.74
117.08
118.32
119.49
120.63
121.74
122.81
123.84
124.84
125.86
126.88
127.90
128.95
130.00
131.08
132.16
1.0%
                                                       
Cooking Equipment (million units) 1/                                                      
Electric
63.33
64.05
64.79
65.47
66.21
66.94
67.69
68.49
69.34
70.19
71.09
72.00
72.82
73.58
74.31
75.03
75.74
76.44
77.14
77.88
78.61
79.34
80.09
80.84
81.61
82.38
1.1%
Natural Gas
36.24
36.57
36.93
37.29
37.67
38.05
38.45
38.86
39.27
39.69
40.13
40.59
41.03
41.47
41.90
42.31
42.69
43.03
43.35
43.64
43.94
44.25
44.56
44.87
45.20
45.52
0.9%
Liquefied Petroleum Gas
4.35
4.34
4.33
4.32
4.30
4.27
4.25
4.23
4.21
4.20
4.18
4.16
4.13
4.11
4.09
4.07
4.05
4.03
4.02
4.01
4.00
3.99
3.97
3.96
3.95
3.94
-0.4%
Total
103.92
104.96
106.05
107.08
108.17
109.27
110.39
111.58
112.83
114.07
115.40
116.74
117.98
119.15
120.30
121.41
122.48
123.51
124.51
125.53
126.55
127.57
128.62
129.68
130.76
131.84
1.0%
                                                       
Clothes Dryers (million units)                                                      
Electric
57.54
58.59
59.65
60.69
61.76
62.83
63.91
65.01
66.13
67.23
68.37
69.51
70.58
71.59
72.57
73.54
74.47
75.37
76.26
77.14
78.02
78.88
79.74
80.59
81.45
82.29
1.4%
Natural Gas
16.72
17.16
17.62
18.08
18.54
19.00
19.46
19.94
20.42
20.91
21.40
21.90
22.37
22.83
23.27
23.71
24.12
24.53
24.92
25.30
25.69
26.08
26.47
26.87
27.27
27.67
2.0%
Total
74.26
75.75
77.27
78.77
80.30
81.83
83.37
84.95
86.55
88.14
89.77
91.41
92.95
94.42
95.85
97.24
98.59
99.90
101.17
102.44
103.70
104.96
106.21
107.46
108.72
109.97
1.6%
                                                       
Other Appliances (million units)                                                      
Refrigerators
121.37
122.49
123.66
124.79
125.98
127.19
128.43
129.74
131.09
132.46
133.90
135.36
136.71
137.97
139.20
140.40
141.54
142.65
143.72
144.80
145.89
146.98
148.09
149.21
150.35
151.50
0.9%
Freezers
33.68
33.65
33.63
33.60
33.58
33.58
33.61
33.66
33.73
33.79
33.91
34.06
34.19
34.33
34.47
34.62
34.78
34.94
35.11
35.30
35.50
35.73
35.97
36.24
36.53
36.84
0.4%
                                                       
Stock Average Equipment Efficiency                                                      
Main Space Heaters                                                      
Electric Heat Pumps (HSPF)
6.95
7.00
7.05
7.09
7.13
7.15
7.23
7.29
7.35
7.41
7.45
7.50
7.54
7.58
7.62
7.66
7.69
7.72
7.74
7.77
7.80
7.83
7.85
7.87
7.88
7.90
0.5%
Natural Gas Heat Pumps (GCOP)
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.45
0.2%
Geothermal Heat Pumps (COP)
3.41
3.42
3.42
3.42
3.43
3.43
3.43
3.44
3.44
3.44
3.45
3.45
3.46
3.46
3.47
3.47
3.47
3.48
3.48
3.48
3.51
3.53
3.55
3.57
3.60
3.62
0.2%
Natural Gas Furnace (AFUE)
0.78
0.79
0.79
0.80
0.80
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.83
0.83
0.83
0.83
0.83
0.83
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.3%
Distillate Furnace (AFUE)
0.80
0.80
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.1%
                                                       
Space Cooling                                                      
Electric Heat Pumps (SEER)
10.30
10.41
10.51
10.60
10.68
10.74
10.94
11.11
11.27
11.42
11.56
11.69
11.82
11.95
12.06
12.17
12.26
12.35
12.43
12.49
12.58
12.66
12.73
12.78
12.83
12.88
0.9%
Natural Gas Heat Pumps (GCOP)
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.0%
Geothermal Heat Pumps (EER)
13.62
13.66
13.70
13.74
13.78
13.79
13.81
13.82
13.83
13.85
13.89
13.92
13.96
13.99
14.01
14.03
14.05
14.07
14.08
14.09
14.24
14.36
14.48
14.60
14.72
14.83
0.3%
Cent. Air Conditioners (SEER)
10.15
10.24
10.32
10.38
10.44
10.50
10.70
10.87
11.04
11.20
11.35
11.49
11.63
11.76
11.88
11.99
12.10
12.19
12.27
12.35
12.43
12.51
12.57
12.63
12.68
12.72
0.9%
Room Air Conditioners (EER)
8.89
9.01
9.11
9.20
9.29
9.36
9.43
9.49
9.55
9.60
9.66
9.70
9.73
9.76
9.78
9.79
9.80
9.80
9.80
9.80
9.83
9.86
9.89
9.92
9.95
9.98
0.4%
                                                       
Water Heaters                                                      
Electric (EF)
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.88
0.88
0.88
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.2%
Natural Gas (EF)
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.56
0.56
0.57
0.57
0.57
0.58
0.58
0.58
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.3%
Distillate (EF)
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.0%
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (EF)
0.55
0.55
0.56
0.56
0.56
0.57
0.57
0.57
0.58
0.58
0.58
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.3%
                                                       
Other Appliances (kilowatthours per year) 2/                                                      
Refrigerators
881.78
858.60
823.82
791.44
761.41
733.80
708.31
684.41
661.90
640.59
621.18
603.74
588.20
574.53
562.48
552.05
543.05
535.41
528.89
523.45
518.63
514.53
511.11
508.41
506.39
504.90
-2.2%
Freezers
631.23
609.77
586.57
564.99
545.01
527.72
513.68
502.04
491.92
483.25
475.55
469.02
463.50
458.53
454.32
450.82
447.96
445.69
443.92
442.51
441.46
440.64
440.02
439.60
439.39
439.12
-1.4%
                                                       
Building Shell Efficiency Index                                                      
Space Heating                                                      
Pre-1998 Homes
0.95
0.95
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.92
0.92
0.92
0.92
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.90
0.90
0.90
-0.2%
New Construction
0.86
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
-0.2%
All Homes
0.95
0.94
0.94
0.93
0.93
0.92
0.92
0.92
0.92
0.92
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.88
0.88
0.88
0.88
0.88
0.87
-0.3%
                                                       
Space Cooling                                                      
Pre-1998 Homes
0.96
0.96
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
-0.1%
New Construction
0.91
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
-0.1%
All Homes
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.92
0.92
0.92
-0.1%
 

1/ Does not include microwave ovens or outdoor grills.
2/ Kilowatthours per year to run the appliance under certain test conditions as specified by the Department of Energy.
HSPF = Heating Seasonal Performance Factor: The total heating output of a heat pump in Btu during its normal annual usage period for heating divided by total electric input in
watt-hours during the same period.
COP = Coefficient of Performance: Energy efficiency rating measure determined, under specific testing conditions, by dividing the energy output by the energy input.
GCOP = Gas Coefficient of Performance: Energy efficiency rating measure determined, under specific testing conditions, by dividing the energy output by the energy input.
AFUE = Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency: Efficiency rating based on average usage, including on and off cycling, as set out in the standardized Department of Energy test procedures.
SEER = Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio: The total cooling of a central unitary air conditioner or a unitary heat pump in Btu during its normal annual usage period for cooling divided
by the total electric energy input in watt-hours during the same period.
EER = Energy Efficiency Ratio: A ratio calculated by dividing the cooling capacity in Btu per hour by the power input in watts at any given set of rating conditions, expressed in Btu per
hour per watt.
EF = Efficiency Factor: Efficiency (measured in Btu out / Btu in) of water heaters under certain test conditions specified by the Department of Energy.
Btu = British thermal unit.
N/A = Not applicable.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
Source: Energy Information Administration, AEO2003 National Energy Modeling System run aeo2003.d110502c.

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