Annual Energy
Outlook 2003 with Projections to 2025
Reference Case
Table 6. Industrial Sector Key Indicators and Consumption
(Quadrillion Btu per Year, Unless Otherwise Noted)
| Key Indicators and Consumption | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2001- 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Key Indicators | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Value of Shipments (billion 1996 dollars) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Manufacturing |
4378
|
4079
|
4003
|
4225
|
4423
|
4542
|
4702
|
4875
|
5039
|
5233
|
5453
|
5656
|
5857
|
6046
|
6238
|
6393
|
6533
|
6693
|
6865
|
7054
|
7220
|
7394
|
7608
|
7822
|
8063
|
8257
|
3.0%
|
| Nonmanufacturing |
1341
|
1346
|
1329
|
1320
|
1334
|
1340
|
1358
|
1402
|
1441
|
1471
|
1505
|
1542
|
1573
|
1589
|
1614
|
1636
|
1652
|
1669
|
1687
|
1715
|
1743
|
1767
|
1793
|
1814
|
1841
|
1869
|
1.4%
|
| Total |
5719
|
5425
|
5332
|
5545
|
5758
|
5882
|
6060
|
6277
|
6480
|
6704
|
6959
|
7198
|
7430
|
7634
|
7853
|
8029
|
8185
|
8362
|
8551
|
8769
|
8963
|
9161
|
9401
|
9636
|
9904
|
10126
|
2.6%
|
| Energy Prices (2001 dollars per million Btu) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Electricity |
13.46
|
14.10
|
12.99
|
12.88
|
12.82
|
12.75
|
12.55
|
12.56
|
12.63
|
12.75
|
12.64
|
12.62
|
12.61
|
12.68
|
12.76
|
12.78
|
12.94
|
12.90
|
13.01
|
13.00
|
13.25
|
13.20
|
13.43
|
13.37
|
13.62
|
13.46
|
-0.2%
|
| Natural Gas |
4.62
|
4.87
|
3.40
|
3.72
|
3.58
|
3.52
|
3.46
|
3.53
|
3.64
|
3.75
|
3.89
|
3.96
|
4.05
|
4.10
|
4.15
|
4.18
|
4.22
|
4.22
|
4.19
|
4.21
|
4.32
|
4.33
|
4.39
|
4.46
|
4.52
|
4.57
|
-0.3%
|
| Steam Coal |
1.43
|
1.46
|
1.48
|
1.47
|
1.45
|
1.44
|
1.43
|
1.42
|
1.41
|
1.39
|
1.38
|
1.37
|
1.36
|
1.36
|
1.35
|
1.35
|
1.34
|
1.33
|
1.33
|
1.32
|
1.31
|
1.30
|
1.30
|
1.29
|
1.29
|
1.29
|
-0.5%
|
| Residual Oil |
3.34
|
3.28
|
3.85
|
4.14
|
3.72
|
3.60
|
3.62
|
3.64
|
3.67
|
3.69
|
3.71
|
3.73
|
3.75
|
3.78
|
3.80
|
3.82
|
3.85
|
3.87
|
3.89
|
3.91
|
3.94
|
3.97
|
4.00
|
4.03
|
4.07
|
4.10
|
0.9%
|
| Distillate Oil |
7.38
|
6.55
|
6.14
|
6.57
|
5.79
|
5.62
|
5.55
|
5.56
|
5.62
|
5.66
|
5.73
|
5.87
|
5.92
|
6.06
|
6.24
|
6.28
|
6.34
|
6.47
|
6.59
|
6.75
|
6.80
|
6.93
|
7.02
|
7.13
|
7.18
|
7.25
|
0.4%
|
| Liquefied Petroleum Gas |
12.03
|
12.34
|
8.20
|
8.62
|
9.41
|
9.33
|
8.99
|
9.23
|
9.28
|
9.32
|
9.59
|
9.66
|
9.70
|
9.78
|
9.85
|
9.91
|
9.95
|
9.99
|
10.03
|
10.08
|
10.12
|
10.17
|
10.22
|
10.28
|
10.35
|
10.40
|
-0.7%
|
| Motor Gasoline |
12.39
|
11.57
|
10.92
|
11.54
|
10.96
|
10.82
|
11.30
|
11.34
|
11.37
|
11.47
|
11.49
|
11.38
|
11.35
|
11.28
|
11.30
|
11.28
|
11.32
|
11.51
|
11.55
|
11.56
|
11.56
|
11.56
|
11.60
|
11.72
|
11.79
|
12.07
|
0.2%
|
| Metallurgical Coal |
1.66
|
1.69
|
1.62
|
1.61
|
1.59
|
1.57
|
1.57
|
1.55
|
1.53
|
1.52
|
1.51
|
1.49
|
1.48
|
1.48
|
1.47
|
1.46
|
1.45
|
1.43
|
1.43
|
1.41
|
1.41
|
1.38
|
1.38
|
1.37
|
1.36
|
1.35
|
-0.9%
|
| Energy Consumption 1/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchased Electricity |
3.63
|
3.39
|
3.17
|
3.33
|
3.42
|
3.47
|
3.55
|
3.65
|
3.76
|
3.84
|
3.95
|
4.05
|
4.13
|
4.21
|
4.28
|
4.34
|
4.38
|
4.44
|
4.50
|
4.58
|
4.63
|
4.69
|
4.77
|
4.85
|
4.93
|
5.00
|
1.6%
|
| Natural Gas |
8.48
|
7.74
|
8.22
|
8.33
|
8.31
|
8.35
|
8.52
|
8.66
|
8.74
|
8.90
|
9.13
|
9.35
|
9.49
|
9.56
|
9.67
|
9.79
|
9.86
|
9.96
|
10.10
|
10.26
|
10.38
|
10.54
|
10.72
|
10.87
|
11.06
|
11.22
|
1.6%
|
| Lease and Plant Fuel 2/ |
1.16
|
1.20
|
1.25
|
1.30
|
1.32
|
1.32
|
1.33
|
1.33
|
1.36
|
1.37
|
1.39
|
1.42
|
1.45
|
1.47
|
1.49
|
1.51
|
1.52
|
1.52
|
1.55
|
1.57
|
1.59
|
1.63
|
1.69
|
1.70
|
1.72
|
1.74
|
1.5%
|
| Natural Gas Subtotal |
9.65
|
8.94
|
9.47
|
9.62
|
9.62
|
9.67
|
9.85
|
9.99
|
10.10
|
10.27
|
10.52
|
10.77
|
10.94
|
11.03
|
11.16
|
11.30
|
11.38
|
11.49
|
11.65
|
11.83
|
11.97
|
12.17
|
12.41
|
12.58
|
12.78
|
12.96
|
1.6%
|
| Steam Coal |
1.46
|
1.42
|
1.35
|
1.38
|
1.39
|
1.39
|
1.39
|
1.41
|
1.42
|
1.43
|
1.44
|
1.45
|
1.46
|
1.47
|
1.48
|
1.48
|
1.48
|
1.49
|
1.49
|
1.50
|
1.50
|
1.51
|
1.51
|
1.52
|
1.53
|
1.53
|
0.3%
|
| Metallurgical Coal & Coke 3/ |
0.86
|
0.74
|
0.66
|
0.72
|
0.73
|
0.73
|
0.74
|
0.75
|
0.77
|
0.77
|
0.77
|
0.77
|
0.77
|
0.77
|
0.76
|
0.75
|
0.74
|
0.73
|
0.73
|
0.72
|
0.71
|
0.70
|
0.70
|
0.69
|
0.69
|
0.68
|
-0.3%
|
| Residual Fuel |
0.24
|
0.23
|
0.19
|
0.20
|
0.17
|
0.17
|
0.17
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
-0.4%
|
| Distillate |
1.12
|
1.13
|
1.08
|
1.09
|
1.10
|
1.11
|
1.12
|
1.15
|
1.17
|
1.19
|
1.21
|
1.23
|
1.25
|
1.26
|
1.27
|
1.29
|
1.30
|
1.31
|
1.32
|
1.34
|
1.36
|
1.37
|
1.39
|
1.41
|
1.43
|
1.45
|
1.0%
|
| Liquefied Petroleum Gas |
2.30
|
2.10
|
2.23
|
2.26
|
2.30
|
2.30
|
2.32
|
2.36
|
2.40
|
2.47
|
2.55
|
2.63
|
2.71
|
2.78
|
2.83
|
2.87
|
2.90
|
2.94
|
2.99
|
3.05
|
3.10
|
3.14
|
3.19
|
3.23
|
3.28
|
3.33
|
1.9%
|
| Petrochemical Feedstocks |
1.32
|
1.14
|
1.21
|
1.25
|
1.27
|
1.27
|
1.29
|
1.32
|
1.35
|
1.39
|
1.43
|
1.47
|
1.51
|
1.53
|
1.56
|
1.58
|
1.59
|
1.62
|
1.64
|
1.67
|
1.69
|
1.72
|
1.74
|
1.77
|
1.79
|
1.82
|
2.0%
|
| Other Petroleum 4/ |
4.11
|
4.18
|
4.30
|
4.22
|
4.33
|
4.30
|
4.31
|
4.36
|
4.39
|
4.44
|
4.47
|
4.48
|
4.50
|
4.51
|
4.55
|
4.53
|
4.56
|
4.60
|
4.61
|
4.65
|
4.67
|
4.69
|
4.72
|
4.74
|
4.76
|
4.79
|
0.6%
|
| Renewables 5/ |
1.86
|
1.82
|
1.80
|
1.86
|
1.92
|
1.95
|
1.99
|
2.03
|
2.08
|
2.15
|
2.22
|
2.29
|
2.35
|
2.40
|
2.46
|
2.51
|
2.56
|
2.61
|
2.66
|
2.72
|
2.77
|
2.82
|
2.88
|
2.94
|
3.00
|
3.05
|
2.2%
|
| Delivered Energy |
26.55
|
25.10
|
25.46
|
25.94
|
26.24
|
26.36
|
26.74
|
27.20
|
27.64
|
28.14
|
28.76
|
29.34
|
29.81
|
30.16
|
30.54
|
30.84
|
31.10
|
31.43
|
31.80
|
32.25
|
32.61
|
33.02
|
33.51
|
33.92
|
34.40
|
34.81
|
1.4%
|
| Electricity Related Losses |
8.27
|
7.57
|
6.92
|
7.22
|
7.37
|
7.45
|
7.60
|
7.80
|
7.97
|
8.08
|
8.23
|
8.36
|
8.46
|
8.56
|
8.64
|
8.70
|
8.76
|
8.83
|
8.90
|
8.99
|
9.08
|
9.14
|
9.24
|
9.33
|
9.44
|
9.54
|
1.0%
|
| Total |
34.82
|
32.67
|
32.38
|
33.16
|
33.61
|
33.82
|
34.34
|
35.00
|
35.60
|
36.22
|
36.99
|
37.70
|
38.27
|
38.72
|
39.18
|
39.54
|
39.86
|
40.26
|
40.70
|
41.24
|
41.69
|
42.17
|
42.75
|
43.24
|
43.84
|
44.35
|
1.3%
|
| Energy Consumption per dollar of Shipments 1/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (thousand Btu per 1996 dollar) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchased Electricity |
0.63
|
0.63
|
0.59
|
0.60
|
0.59
|
0.59
|
0.59
|
0.58
|
0.58
|
0.57
|
0.57
|
0.56
|
0.56
|
0.55
|
0.55
|
0.54
|
0.54
|
0.53
|
0.53
|
0.52
|
0.52
|
0.51
|
0.51
|
0.50
|
0.50
|
0.49
|
-1.0%
|
| Natural Gas |
1.48
|
1.43
|
1.54
|
1.50
|
1.44
|
1.42
|
1.41
|
1.38
|
1.35
|
1.33
|
1.31
|
1.30
|
1.28
|
1.25
|
1.23
|
1.22
|
1.20
|
1.19
|
1.18
|
1.17
|
1.16
|
1.15
|
1.14
|
1.13
|
1.12
|
1.11
|
-1.0%
|
| Lease and Plant Fuel 2/ |
0.20
|
0.22
|
0.23
|
0.23
|
0.23
|
0.22
|
0.22
|
0.21
|
0.21
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
0.17
|
0.17
|
-1.1%
|
| Natural Gas Subtotal |
1.69
|
1.65
|
1.78
|
1.74
|
1.67
|
1.64
|
1.63
|
1.59
|
1.56
|
1.53
|
1.51
|
1.50
|
1.47
|
1.44
|
1.42
|
1.41
|
1.39
|
1.37
|
1.36
|
1.35
|
1.34
|
1.33
|
1.32
|
1.31
|
1.29
|
1.28
|
-1.1%
|
| Steam Coal |
0.26
|
0.26
|
0.25
|
0.25
|
0.24
|
0.24
|
0.23
|
0.22
|
0.22
|
0.21
|
0.21
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
0.17
|
0.17
|
0.17
|
0.16
|
0.16
|
0.16
|
0.15
|
0.15
|
-2.3%
|
| Metallurgical Coal & Coke 3/ |
0.15
|
0.14
|
0.12
|
0.13
|
0.13
|
0.12
|
0.12
|
0.12
|
0.12
|
0.11
|
0.11
|
0.11
|
0.10
|
0.10
|
0.10
|
0.09
|
0.09
|
0.09
|
0.08
|
0.08
|
0.08
|
0.08
|
0.07
|
0.07
|
0.07
|
0.07
|
-2.9%
|
| Residual Fuel |
0.04
|
0.04
|
0.04
|
0.04
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
-3.0%
|
| Distillate |
0.20
|
0.21
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
0.17
|
0.17
|
0.17
|
0.17
|
0.16
|
0.16
|
0.16
|
0.16
|
0.15
|
0.15
|
0.15
|
0.15
|
0.15
|
0.15
|
0.14
|
0.14
|
-1.6%
|
| Liquefied Petroleum Gas |
0.40
|
0.39
|
0.42
|
0.41
|
0.40
|
0.39
|
0.38
|
0.38
|
0.37
|
0.37
|
0.37
|
0.37
|
0.36
|
0.36
|
0.36
|
0.36
|
0.35
|
0.35
|
0.35
|
0.35
|
0.35
|
0.34
|
0.34
|
0.34
|
0.33
|
0.33
|
-0.7%
|
| Petrochemical Feedstocks |
0.23
|
0.21
|
0.23
|
0.23
|
0.22
|
0.22
|
0.21
|
0.21
|
0.21
|
0.21
|
0.21
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.19
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
-0.7%
|
| Other Petroleum 4/ |
0.72
|
0.77
|
0.81
|
0.76
|
0.75
|
0.73
|
0.71
|
0.70
|
0.68
|
0.66
|
0.64
|
0.62
|
0.61
|
0.59
|
0.58
|
0.56
|
0.56
|
0.55
|
0.54
|
0.53
|
0.52
|
0.51
|
0.50
|
0.49
|
0.48
|
0.47
|
-2.0%
|
| Renewables 5/ |
0.33
|
0.33
|
0.34
|
0.34
|
0.33
|
0.33
|
0.33
|
0.32
|
0.32
|
0.32
|
0.32
|
0.32
|
0.32
|
0.31
|
0.31
|
0.31
|
0.31
|
0.31
|
0.31
|
0.31
|
0.31
|
0.31
|
0.31
|
0.30
|
0.30
|
0.30
|
-0.4%
|
| Delivered Energy |
4.64
|
4.63
|
4.78
|
4.68
|
4.56
|
4.48
|
4.41
|
4.33
|
4.26
|
4.20
|
4.13
|
4.08
|
4.01
|
3.95
|
3.89
|
3.84
|
3.80
|
3.76
|
3.72
|
3.68
|
3.64
|
3.61
|
3.56
|
3.52
|
3.47
|
3.44
|
-1.2%
|
| Electricity Related Losses |
1.45
|
1.40
|
1.30
|
1.30
|
1.28
|
1.27
|
1.25
|
1.24
|
1.23
|
1.21
|
1.18
|
1.16
|
1.14
|
1.12
|
1.10
|
1.08
|
1.07
|
1.06
|
1.04
|
1.03
|
1.01
|
1.00
|
0.98
|
0.97
|
0.95
|
0.94
|
-1.6%
|
| Total |
6.09
|
6.02
|
6.07
|
5.98
|
5.84
|
5.75
|
5.67
|
5.57
|
5.49
|
5.40
|
5.32
|
5.24
|
5.15
|
5.07
|
4.99
|
4.92
|
4.87
|
4.81
|
4.76
|
4.70
|
4.65
|
4.60
|
4.55
|
4.49
|
4.43
|
4.38
|
-1.3%
|
1/ Fuel consumption includes energy for combined heat and power plants, except
those whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat,
to the public.
2/ Represents natural gas used in the field gathering and processing plant machinery.
3/ Includes net coke coal imports.
4/ Includes petroleum coke, asphalt, road oil, lubricants, motor gasoline, still
gas, and miscellaneous petroleum products.
5/ Includes consumption of energy from hydroelectric, wood and wood waste, municipal
solid waste, and other biomass.
Btu = British thermal unit.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Data
for 2000 and 2001 are model results and may differ slightly from official EIA
data reports.
Sources: 2000 prices for motor gasoline and distillate are based on prices in
the Energy Information Administration (EIA), Petroleum Marketing Annual 2000,
http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/petroleum_marketing_annual/historical/(August
2001). 2001 prices for motor gasoline and distillate are based on prices in
the Petroleum Marketing Annual 2001, http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/petroleum_marketing_annual/current/pdf/pmaall.pdf
(September 2002). 2000 and 2001 coal prices are based on EIA, Quarterly Coal
Report, October-December 2001, DOE/EIA-0121(2001/4Q) (Washington, DC, May 2002),
and EIA, AEO2003 National Energy Modeling System run aeo2003.d110502c. 2000
and 2001 electricity prices: EIA, AEO2003 National Energy Modeling System run
aeo2003.d110502c. 2000 and 2001 prices for natural gas based on: EIA, Manufacturing
Energy Consumption Survey 1998. 2000 and 2001 consumption values based on: EIA,
Annual Energy Review 2001, DOE/EIA-0384(2001) (Washington, DC, November 2002).
2000 and 2001 shipments: Global Insight macroeconomic model CTL0802. Projections:
EIA, AEO2003 National Energy Modeling System run aeo2003.d110502c.