The National Energy
Modeling System: An Overview 2003
Characteristics of Selected Space Heating Equipment in the Commercial Sector
| Equipment Type1 |
Vintage |
Efficiency2 |
Capital Cost (2001 dollars
per |
Maintenance Cost |
Service Life |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electric Heat Pump |
Current Standard |
6.8 |
$81.39 |
$3.33 |
14 |
| 2000- typical |
7.5 |
$97.92 |
$3.33 |
14 |
|
| 2000- high efficiency |
9.8 |
$155.56 |
$3.33 |
14 |
|
| 2005- typical |
7.5 |
$97.22 |
$3.33 |
14 |
|
| 2005- high efficiency |
9.8 |
$155.56 |
$3.33 |
14 |
|
| 2010 - typical |
7.5 |
$97.22 |
$3.33 |
14 |
|
| 2010 - high efficiency |
9.8 |
$155.56 |
$3.33 |
14 |
|
| 2020 - typical |
7.8 |
$97.22 |
$3.33 |
14 |
|
| 2020 - high efficiency |
10.0 |
$150.00 |
$3.33 |
14 |
|
| Ground-Source Heat Pump |
2000- typical |
3.4 |
$167.50 |
$1.46 |
20 |
| 2000- high efficiency |
4.0 |
$229.17 |
$1.46 |
20 |
|
| 2005- typical |
3.4 |
$166.67 |
$1.46 |
20 |
|
| 2005- high efficiency |
4.3 |
$229.17 |
$1.46 |
20 |
|
| 2010 - typical |
3.4 |
$166.67 |
$1.46 |
20 |
|
| 2010 - high efficiency |
4.3 |
$208.33 |
$1.46 |
20 |
|
| 2020- typical |
3.8 |
$166.67 |
$1.46 |
20 |
|
| 2020 -high efficiency |
4.5 |
$197.92 |
$1.46 |
20 |
|
| Electric Boiler |
Current Standard |
0.98 |
$21.83 |
$0.14 |
21 |
| Packaged Electric |
1995 |
0.93 |
$19.77 |
$3.49 |
18 |
| Natural Gas Furnace |
Current Standard |
0.80 |
$9.11 |
$1.00 |
15 |
| 2000- high efficiency |
0.92 |
$14.82 |
$0.88 |
15 |
|
| 2010 - typical |
0.81 |
$8.70 |
$0.96 |
15 |
|
| Natural Gas Boiler |
Current Standard |
0.80 |
$16.11 |
$0.55 |
25 |
| 2000 - high efficiency |
0.87 |
$33.82 |
$0.69 |
25 |
|
| 2005- typical |
0.81 |
$17.87 |
$0.55 |
25 |
|
| 2005- high efficiency |
0.90 |
$31.68 |
$0.67 |
25 |
|
| Natural Gas Heat Pump |
2005- absortion |
1.4 |
$173.61 |
$4.17 |
15 |
| Distillate Oil Furnace |
Current Standard |
0.81 |
$14.25 |
$1.00 |
15 |
| 2000 |
0.86 |
$23.46 |
$1.00 |
15 |
|
| 2010 |
0.89 |
$22.69 |
$1.00 |
15 |
|
| Distillate Oil Boiler |
Current Standard |
0.83 |
$15.76 |
$0.13 |
20 |
| 2000- high efficiency |
0.88 |
$18.83 |
$0.12 |
20 |
|
| 2005- typical |
0.83 |
$15.76 |
$0.13 |
20 |
|
| 2005- high efficiency |
0.88 |
$18.83 |
$0.12 |
20 |
|
| 1Equipment listed is for the New England Census
division but is also representative of the technology data for the rest
of the United States. 2Efficiency measurements vary by equipment type. Electric air-source and natural gas heat pumps are rated for heating performance using the Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF); natural gas and distillate furnaces are based on Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency; ground-source heat pumps are rated on coefficient of performance; and boilers are based on combustion efficiency. 3Capital and maintenance costs are given in 2001 dollars. Source: Energy Information Administration, “Technology Forecast Updates - Residential and Commercial Building Technologies - Reference Case”, Arthur D. Little, Inc., Reference Number 8675309, October 2001. |
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