Notes and Sources

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[50] Alberta Energy and Utilities Board, Alberta’s Reserves 2003 and Supply/Demand Outlook 2004-2013, Statistical Series (ST) 2004-98 (Calgary, Alberta: June 2004). 

[51] National Energy Board, Canada’s Oil Sands: A Supply and Market Outlook to 2015 (Calgary, Alberta: October 2000). 

[52] Syncrude Canada, Ltd., 2004 Sustainability Report (Fort McMurray, Alberta: 2004), p. 14, “2004 Results,” web site http://sustainability.syncrude.ca/ sustainability2004/download/SyncrudeSD2004.pdf. 

[53] F. Birol and W. Davie, “Oil Supply Costs and Enhanced Productivity,” Energy Prices and Taxes (4th Quarter 2001), pp. xvii-xxii, web site http://data.iea.org/ ieastore/assets/products/eptnotes/feature/4Q2001B. pdf. 

[54] Petroleos De Venezuela, S.A., U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Form 20-F (October 7, 2005). 

[55] J.R. Dyni, “Geology and Resources of Some World Oil-Shale Deposits,” Oil Shale, Vol. 20, No. 3 (2003), pp. 193-252. 

[56] J.R. Donnell, “Geology and Oil-Shale Resources of the Green River Formation,” in Proceedings of the First Symposium on Oil Shale (Colorado School of Mines, 1964), pp. 153-163. 

[57] T. Dammer, “Strategic Significance of America’s Oil Shale Resource,” Presented at the 2005 EIA Midterm Energy Outlook Conference (Washington, DC, April 12, 2005), web site www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/aeo/conf/pdf/ dammer.pdf. 

[58] “Shell Signs Chinese Oil-Shale Deal; Begins US Groundwater-Freezing Test,” Syngas Refiner, Vol. 1, No. 9 (September 2005), p. 46. 

[59] J.T. Bartis, T. LaTourrette, L. Dixon, D.J. Peterson, and G. Cecchine, Oil Shale Development in the United States: Prospects and Policy Issues (Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2005), p. xiii, web site www.rand. org/pubs/monographs/2005/RAND_MG414.pdf. 

[60] J.T. Bartis et al., p. 15. 

[61] “Fischer-Tropsch Condensate Boosts Lubricity in Synthetic Diesel: New SASOL Study,” World Fuels Today (October 6, 2005), p. 3. 

[62] “Coal-To-Liquids Looks Profitable If Oil Prices Stay Above $30 to $40/Barrel Range,” World Fuels Today, (December 22, 2004), p. 1. 

[63] Rentech, Inc., “The Economic Viability of an FT Facility Using PRB Coals,” Presentation to the Wyoming Governor’s Office and the Wyoming Business Council (April 14, 2005), web site http://www.rentechinc.com/ pdfs/WBC-Presentation-4-14-05-b.pdf. 

[64] “Shenhua Coal Liquefaction Project Planned for Execution in Inner Mongolia,” Business China (January 24, 2005). 

[65] World Fuels Today (August 16, 2005), p. 2. 

[66] S. Clarke and B. Ghaemmaghami, “Taking GTL Forward—Engineering a Gas-to-Liquids Project,” TCE Today (July 2003), pp. 34-37, web site www.fwc.com/ publications/tech_papers/files/GTL06%2Epdf. 

[67]  U. Zuberbuhler, M. Specht, and A. Bandi, “Gasification of Biomass: An Overview on Available Technologies,” Centre for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research (ZSW), Birkenfeld, Germany (August 30, 2005), p. 2. 

[68]  CHOREN Industries GmbH, Freiberg, Germany. 

[69]  Correspondence with Matthias Rudloff, Head of Business Development, CHOREN Industries GmbH (November 29, 2005). 

[70]  M. Rudloff, CHOREN Industries GmbH, “Biomass to Liquids (BtL) from the Carbo-V Process: Technology and the Latest Developments,” Presentation at the Second World Conference and Technology Exhibition (Rome, Italy, May 10-14, 2004). 

[71]  Bechtel, Aspen Process Flowsheet Simulation Model of a Battelle Biomass-Based Gasification, Fischer-Tropsch Liquefaction and Combined-Cycle Power Plant: Topical Report, May 1998,” DE-AC22-93PC91029--16 (Pittsburgh, PA: Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center, October 30, 1998), Appendix B-3. 

[72]  Business Advisory Services, “Illinois Ethanol Prefeasibility Evaluator,” web site www.iletohprefeas. com. 

[73]  J.A. Waynick, Sr., Characterization of Biodiesel Oxidation and Oxidation Products: CRC Project No. AVFL-2b, Task 1 Results (San Antonio, TX: Southwest Research Institute, August 2005), web site www.nrel. gov/vehiclesandfuels/npbf/pdfs/39096.pdf. 

[74]  Frazier, Barnes & Associates, LLC (Memphis, TN). 

[75]  “Oil Refiners Might Blend or Co-Process ‘Renewables’ With Crude-Based Feedstocks,” World Fuels Today (September 20, 2005), p. 4. 

[76]  “Oil Refiners Might Blend or Co-Process ‘Renewables’ With Crude-Based Feedstocks,” World Fuels Today (September 20, 2005), p. 4.