Most cogeneration operations in the steel industry use conventional systems (steam boiler and steam turbines). Integrated steel plants produce significant levels of off-gases (coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, and basic oxygen furnace gas). Specially adapted turbines have been developed that can burn these low-calorific-value gases. Electric arc furnace steelmaking facilities have low demand for steam; about 90% of cogeneration occurs in integrated facilities. The chart below illustrates the energy consumed by establishments using a particular type of cogeneration technology.

Cogeneration Technology Used in Steel
Industry Establishments, NAICS 331111 – 1998
(# of Establishments)

Source: MECS 1998



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