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This document is no longer maintained. Please see the U.S. Refining/Marketing section of Performance Profiles of Major Energy Producers for more recent information.

Update of Tables and Figures from U.S. Petroleum Refining and Gasoline Marketing Industry

 

The following tables and figures associated with U.S. Petroleum Refining and Gasoline Marketing have been updated.   Highlights of the updated figures and tables and links to them are provided below.   (Note that Table 4 can be printed in its entirety only in landscape mode.   Consequently, it is suggested that this setting be used to print this entire document.)

For information on EIA short-term forecasts, see the projections in EIA's Short-Term Energy Outlook. Longer-term forecasts can be found in EIA's Annual Energy Outlook and International Energy Outlook. Links to these and other EIA publications can be found on EIA's web site.

Neal C. Davis, Energy Information Administration, August 2004

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Table 1.   U.S. Consumption of Petroleum Products and Total Energy, 1987-2003

 Quadrillion Btu per Year
Year Petroleum Products Total Energy Petroleum Products as a Percentage of all Energy
1987 32.87 79.23 41.5%
1988 34.22 82.84 41.3%
1989 34.21 84.96 40.3%
1990 33.55 84.67 39.6%
1991 32.85 84.60 38.8%
1992 33.53 85.95 39.0%
1993 33.84 87.58 38.6%
1994 34.67 89.25 38.8%
1995 34.55 91.22 37.9%
1996 35.76 94.22 37.9%
1997 36.27 94.73 38.3%
1998 36.93 95.15 38.8%
1999 37.96 96.77 39.2%
2000 38.40 98.91 38.8%
2001 38.33 96.38 39.8%
2002 38.40 98.03 39.2%
2003 39.05 98.19 39.8%

Sources:   Energy Information Administration, 1987-2002: Annual Energy Review 2002, DOE/EIA-0384(2002) (Washington, DC, October 2003), Table 1.3; and 2003: Monthly Energy Review, DOE/EIA-0035(2004/07), Table 1.3.   (Table selections include pdf-format files.   If you lack Adobe Acrobat Reader and are unable to read pdf format files, please follow the Adobe link below and download the free software.)

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Table 2.   Petroleum Products: U.S. Refinery Output, Trade, and Supply, 1987-2003

 Millions of Barrels per Day
Year Refinery Output Net Imports Other Supply Sources* Products Supplied
1987 14.63 1.39 0.65 16.67
1988 15.02 1.64 0.62 17.28
1989 15.17 1.50 0.66 17.33
1990 15.27 1.38 0.34 16.99
1991 15.26 0.96 0.49 16.71
1992 15.40 0.94 0.69 17.03
1993 15.79 0.93 0.52 17.24
1994 15.79 1.09 0.84 17.72
1995 15.99 0.75 0.98 17.72
1996 16.32 1.10 0.89 18.31
1997 16.76 1.04 0.82 18.62
1998 17.03 1.17 0.72 18.92
1999 16.99 1.30 1.23 19.52
2000 17.24 1.40 1.06 19.70
2001 17.29 1.59 0.77 19.65
2002 17.27 1.42 1.07 19.76
2003 17.49 1.58 0.96 20.03

*: "Other Supply Sources" includes net field production and supplies from inventories.
Sources:   Energy Information Administration, 1987-2000: Annual Energy Review 2001, DOE/EIA-0384(2001) (Washington, DC, November 2002), Table 5.3, Table 5.5, and Table 5.8; 2001: Petroleum Supply Annual 2001, Volume 1, DOE/EIA-0340(2001) (Washington, DC, June 2002), Table 3; 2002: Petroleum Supply Annual 2002, Volume 1, DOE/EIA-0340(02) (Washington, DC, June 2003), Table 3.   and 2003: Petroleum Supply Annual 2003, Volume 1, DOE/EIA-0340(03) (Washington, DC, July 2004), Table 3.  
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Table 3.   Petroleum Products Supplied to the U.S. Market by Type, 1987-2003

Millions of Barrels per Day
Year Motor Gasoline Jet Fuel Distillate Fuel Oil Residual Fuel Oil Other Products Total Products
1987 7.21 1.38 2.98 1.26 3.84 16.67
1988 7.34 1.45 3.12 1.38 3.99 17.28
1989 7.33 1.49 3.16 1.37 3.98 17.33
1990 7.23 1.52 3.02 1.23 3.99 16.99
1991 7.19 1.47 2.92 1.16 3.97 16.71
1992 7.27 1.45 2.98 1.09 4.24 17.03
1993 7.48 1.47 3.04 1.08 4.17 17.24
1994 7.60 1.53 3.16 1.02 4.41 17.72
1995 7.79 1.51 3.21 0.85 4.36 17.72
1996 7.89 1.58 3.37 0.85 4.62 18.31
1997 8.02 1.60 3.44 0.80 4.76 18.62
1998 8.25 1.62 3.46 0.89 4.70 18.92
1999 8.43 1.67 3.57 0.83 5.02 19.52
2000 8.47 1.73 3.72 0.91 4.87 19.70
2001 8.61 1.66 3.85 0.81 4.73 19.65
2002 8.85 1.61 3.78 0.70 4.82 19.76
2003 8.94 1.58 3.93 0.77 4.81 20.03

Sources:   Energy Information Administration, 1987-2000: Annual Energy Review 2001, DOE/EIA-0384(2001) (Washington, DC, August 2002), Table 5.11; 2001: Petroleum Supply Annual 2001, Volume 1 (June 2002), Table 3; 2002: Petroleum Supply Annual 2002, Volume 1 (June 2003), Table 3; 2003: Petroleum Supply Annual 2003, Volume 1 (July 2004), Table 3.  
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Table 4.   U.S. Refineries and Refining Capacities, 1987-2004
Year* Operable Refineries (number) Crude Distillation Capacity (thousand barrels per calendar day) Downstream Charge Capacity (thousand barrels per stream day)
Total Operating Total Operating Vacuum Distillation Thermal Cracking Catalytic Cracking (Fresh and Recycled) Catalytic Reforming Catalytic Hydrocracking Catalytic Hydrotreating
1987 219 195 15,566 14,940 6,935 1,928 5,716 3,805 1,189 9,083
1988 213 195 15,915 15,018 7,198 2,080 5,806 3,891 1,202 9,170
1989 204 193 15,655 15,012 7,225 2,073 5,650 3,911 1,238 9,440
1990 205 194 15,572 15,063 7,245 2,108 5,755 3,896 1,282 9,537
1991 202 184 15,676 14,959 7,276 2,158 5,862 3,926 1,308 9,676
1992 199 183 15,696 14,966 7,172 2,100 5,888 3,907 1,363 9,644
1993 187 175 15,121 14,777 6,892 2,082 5,784 3,728 1,397 9,677
1994 179 171 15,034 14,704 6,892 2,107 5,777 3,875 1,376 10,616
1995 175 165 15,434 15,081 7,248 2,123 5,752 3,867 1,386 10,916
1996 170 162 15,333 n.a. 7,314 2,153 5,599 3,852 1,385 11,050
1997 164 159 15,452 15,168 7,349 2,050 5,595 3,727 1,388 11,041
1998 164 n.a. 15,918 n.a. 7,487 2,038 5,820 3,638 1,378 11,334
1999 162 n.a. 16,442 n.a. 7,865 2,212 5,835 3,638 1,523 11,461
2000 158 155 16,512 16,315 7,617 2,163 6,048 3,770 1,576 11,440
2001 155 150 16,595 16,320 7,798 2,277 6,068 3,797 1,615 11,673
2002 153 144 16,785 16,246 7,779 2,329 6,069 3,753 1,633 11,845
2003 149 145 16,757 16,484 7,788 2,377 6,131 3,777 1,644 11,987
2004 149 146 16,894 16,759 7,964 2,435 6,185 3,812 1,602 13,501

*:   Capacities as of January 1 of the year indicated.
n.a.:   Information unavailable.
Sources:   1987-1993:   U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Industrial Outlook, p. 4-2.
1994:   Energy Information Administration, Petroleum Supply Annual 1993, DOE/EIA-0340(93)/1, (Washington, DC, May 1995), Tables 36 and 41.
1996:   EIA, Short-Term Integrated Forecasting System in support of the Short-Term Energy Outlook and Annual Energy Outlook 1999, Table 11.
1997:   EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual 1996, Volume 1, DOE/EIA-0340(96)/1 (Washington, DC, June 1997), Table 36.
1998 and 1999:   Changes are inferred from the Oil and Gas Journal Worldwide Refinery Report (December 21, 1997 and December 22, 1998, respectively) and applied to 1997 data.
2000:   EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual 1999, Volume 1, DOE/EIA-0340(2000)/1 (Washington, DC, June 2000), Table 36.
2001:   EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual 2000, Volume 1, DOE/EIA-0340(2000)/1 (Washington, DC, June 2001), Table 36.
2002:   EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual 2001, Volume 1, DOE/EIA-0340(2001)/1 (Washington, DC, June 2002), Table 36.
2003:   EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual 2002, Volume 1, DOE/EIA-0340(2002)/1 (Washington, DC, June 2003), Table 36.  
2004:   EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual 2003, Volume 1, DOE/EIA-0340(2003)/1 (Washington, DC, July 2004), Table 36.  
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Table 5.   Refining Margins, Production Costs, and Product Sales of U.S. Majors, 1993-2002
  1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
(Inflation-Adjusteda Dollars per Barrel)
Petroleum Product Gross Refining Margin 7.97 6.89 6.25 7.20 7.40 6.53 5.82 7.34 7.94 6.36
- Petroleum Product Marketing Costs 2.56 2.07 1.98 2.02 1.92 1.53 1.51 1.42 1.61 1.65
- Petroleum Product Energy Costs 1.38 1.10 0.93 1.19 1.13 0.79 0.87 1.39 1.34 1.09
- Petroleum Product Other Operating Costs 3.19 2.89 2.79 3.02 2.75 2.58 2.26 2.21 2.22 3.43
= Petroleum Product Net Refining Margin 0.84 0.82 0.55 0.97 1.61 1.63 1.17 2.32 2.76 0.19
  (Thousand Barrels per Day)
Refined Product Sales 13,178 13,455 13,641 14,024 13,294 20,061 21,416 22,287 23,579 22,991
GDP deflator 88.4 90.3 92.1 93.9 95.4 96.5 97.9 100.0 102.4 104.1

a:   All nominal values are expressed in year 2002 dollars.
Sources:   Costs, margins, and sales:   Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-28 (Financial Reporting System).   GDP deflator:   Bureau of Economic Analysis, GDP and Related Data, "Current-dollar and 'real' GDP" (page active as of February 24, 2005).

 

Table 6.   U.S. Refinery Configurations of U.S. Majors, 1974-2003, Selected Years

 (Percent)
U.S. Majors (FRS Companies) Downstream capacity as a percent of crude distillation capacity
1974 1981 1993 1996 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Integrated refiners (includes joint ventures)
    Coking n.a. n.a. n.a. 13.0 12.6 12.9 13.9 15.1 15.2 15.0
    Catalytic cracking 27.7 30.4 36.5 33.8 35.9 35.8 35.6 35.5 34.0 33.8
    Catalytic reforming 17.6 22.4 25.8 24.9 23.4 22.3 22.4 22.0 22.3 21.8
    Hydro cracking 5.6 5.7 9.6 9.6 9.6 10.9 11.0 11.6 11.6 10.0
    Alkylation 4.8 5.3 7.7 6.8 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.2 7.1 7.2
 
Non-integrated refiners (includes Citgo, Equilon, and Motiva)
    Coking n.c. n.c. n.c. 11.0 12.7 12.0 12.1 12.4 12.0 13.5
    Catalytic cracking n.c. n.c. n.c. 29.8 34.1 34.0 35.5 35.5 36.3 36.7
    Catalytic reforming n.c. n.c. n.c. 18.9 21.5 22.5 21.9 21.7 21.4 21.1
    Hydro cracking n.c. n.c. n.c. 6.3 7.8 8.6 8.6 8.4 7.8 8.5
    Alkylation n.c. n.c. n.c. 6.0 6.8 6.0 6.3R 6.3 6.4 6.4

n.a.:   Information not available.
n.c.:   Information not collected.
Note:   The Financial Reporting System companies are considered to be identical to U.S. majors by the Energy Information Administration.
Sources:   Oil and Gas Journal, "Worldwide Refinery Report," 1974, 1981, 1993, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003.

 

Table 7.   Petroleum Products Supplied to U.S. End-Use Sectors, 1987-2003

 Millions of Barrels per Day
Year Residential and Commercial Industrial Transportation Electric Power Total
1987 1.33 4.25 10.53 0.55 16.67
1988 1.33 4.39 10.88 0.68 17.28
1989 1.31 4.26 11.01 0.74 17.33
1990 1.14 4.32 10.97 0.55 16.99
1991 1.14 4.25 10.80 0.52 16.71
1992 1.13 4.55 10.95 0.42 17.03
1993 1.14 4.45 11.18 0.46 17.24
1994 1.11 4.69 11.49 0.43 17.72
1995 1.11 4.60 11.73 0.29 17.72
1996 1.21 4.82 11.96 0.32 18.31
1997 1.18 4.97 12.13 0.36 18.62
1998 1.08 4.84 12.48 0.51 18.92
1999 1.18 5.03 12.89 0.42 19.52
2000 1.28 4.90 13.01 0.51 19.70
2001 1.26 4.89 12.94 0.56 19.65
2002 1.26 4.95 13.15 0.40 19.76
2003 1.18 4.83 13.43 0.62 20.03

Sources:   Energy Information Administration, 1987-2002: Annual Energy Review, DOE/EIA-0384(2002) (Washington, DC, November 2003), Table 5.12a, Table 5.12b, Table 5.12c, and Table 5.12d; and 2003: Monthly Energy Review, DOE/EIA-0035(2004/07) (Washington, DC, July 2004), Table 2.2, Table 2.3, Table 2.4, Table 2.5, and Table 2.6 and Petroleum Supply Annual 2003, Volume 1, DOE/EIA-0340(03) (Washington, DC, July 2004), Table 3.  
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Figure 1. Return on Investment in Refining/Marketing for U.S. Majors, 1977-2002

Welcome to the graphical presentation of the historical return on investment received by the U.S. majors from their domestic and foreign petroleum refining/marketing operations. For further information, please call the National Energy Information Center at (202) 586-8800.

Source: Financial Analysis Team, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-28 (Financial Reporting System).

 

Figure 2. U.S. Real Price Difference Between Light Crude Oil and Heavy Crude Oil, 1978-2003

Welcome to the graphical presentation of the price difference between crude oil with an API gravity of at least 40.1 (i.e., heavy crude) and crude oil with an API gravity of 20 or less (i.e., light crude), after adjusting for general price changes (i.e., usually inflation, which is an increase in the general price level). For further information, please call the National Energy Information Center at (202) 586-8800.

Note: Light crude oil is defined here as having an API gravity of 40.1 or greater and heavy crude oil is defined as having an API gravity of 20 or less.
Sources:   Crude oil data: Energy Information Administration, Petroleum Marketing Annual 2002, DOE/EIA-0487(2001) (August 2003), Table 27 and Table 28 and Petroleum Marketing Monthly, DOE/EIA-0380(2004/06) (June 2004), Tables 27 and 28.   Price deflator: Bureau of Economic Analysis, GDP and Related Data, "Current-dollar and 'real' GDP" (page active as of July 21, 2004).   (Note that the tables containing the EIA data are in pdf format.   If you lack Adobe Acrobat Reader and are unable to read pdf format files, please follow the Adobe link below and download the free software.)

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Figure 3. U.S. Real Price Difference Between Motor Gasoline and Residual Fuel Oil, 1978-2003

Welcome to the graphical presentation of the price difference between motor gasoline and residual fuel oil, after adjusting for general price changes (i.e., usually inflation, which is an increase in the general price level). For further information, please call the National Energy Information Center at (202) 586-8800.

Sources:   Price data: Energy Information Administration, Petroleum Marketing Annual 2002, DOE/EIA-0487(2002) (August 2003), Table 4 and Petroleum Marketing Monthly, DOE/EIA-0380(2004/06) (June 2004), Table 4.   Price deflator: Bureau of Economic Analysis, GDP and Related Data, "Current-dollar and 'real' GDP" (page active as of June 21, 2004).   (Note that the table containing the price data is in pdf format.   If you lack Adobe Acrobat Reader and are unable to read pdf format files, please follow the Adobe link below and download the free software.)

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Text last modified:   August 19, 2004
File last modified:   January 22, 2008

Contact:

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neal.davis@eia.doe.gov
Fax: (202) 586-9753

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Phone: (202) 586-8800

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