The U.S. petroleum refining capacity owned by FDI affiliates decreased in 2006, largely as the result of the sale by Petróleos de Venezuela of its share in a joint venture, the Lyondell-Citgo refinery in Houston, Texas, with a capacity of 270 thousand barrels per day, to its partner in the venture, Lyondell Chemical (see table below). This sale more than offset the capacity increases from foreign direct investors’ purchases of three smaller refineries, two by Alon Israel Oil and one by Frčre-Bourgeois (Belgium), and the expansion by Transworld Oil (Bermuda) of its Lake Charles, Louisiana refinery. Petróleo Brasileiro (Brazil) entered the U.S. petroleum refining industry in 2006 through the acquisition of 50 percent of the Pasadena Refinery in Texas from Frčre-Bourgeois, which had purchased the entire refinery from Crown Central Petroleum the year before. The decline in total FDI-affiliate refining capacity was in contrast to a small increase in domestically owned capacity. These two changes reinforced each other to cut the share of FDI-affiliate refinery capacity, which has been drifting downward since 1999 (see figure).
Number
of Crude Oil Refineries and Refining Capacity* in the United States of
FDI-Affiliate Companies, 2005 and
2006
Foreign Parent (Country)
Number
of Refineries
Total
Crude Oil Distillation Capacity (Thousand Barrels per day)
2005
2006
2005
2006
2005
- 2006 Percent Change
BP (Egland and Wales)
6
6
1,476
1,461
-1.0
Petróleos de Venezuelaa
7
6
1,271
1,005
-20.9
Royal Dutch Shell (England & Wales)
and
Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabia)
3
3
747
762
2.1
Royal Dutch Shell (England & Wales)
5
5
534
533
-0.3
Royal Dutch Shell (England & Wales)
and
Petróleos Mexicanos (Mexico)
1
1
334
334
0.0
Total (France)
1
1
232
232
0.0
Alon Israel Oil
1
3
67
150
123.9
Frčre-Bourgeois (Belgium)b and
Petróleo Brasileiro (Brazil)
0
1
0
100
- -
Frčre-Bourgeois (Belgium)b
1
1
100
38
-62.2
Suncor Energy (Canada)c
R2
2
R94
94
0.0
Transworld Oil (Bermuda)
1
1
30
78
160.0
Delek (Israel)
1
1
58
58
0.0
Total FDI-Affiliate Companies
R31
31
R4,942
4,844
-2.0
Total United States
144
143
17,339
17,443
0.6
Percent FDI-Affiliate Companies
R21.7
21.7
R28.5
27.8
- -
*Includes only refineries with capacity
greater that 10,000 barrels per day.
aIncludes a joint venture with Exxon Mobil.
bParent of Compagnie Nationale ŕ Portefeuille / Nationale
PortefeuilleMaatschappij (Belgium).
cSuncor operated one refinery with capacity of 60,000
barrels per day in the United States in 2003 and 2004.
Notes:- = No data reported.- - = Not
applicable.E = Estimated data.NM = Not meaningful, R = Revised data.** = Number less than 0.5 rounded to
zero.Amounts at year end.Calculations performed with unrounded data.
Sources:Energy Information Administration, "Refinery Capacity
Report,"(Washington, DC, June
29, 2007), Table 5, and previous issue.