Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace, 1999 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Total Floorspace (million square feet) | | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | | | Building Size | | | |-----------------------------------------------------------------------| | | | | | 10,001 | 25,001 | 50,001 |100,001 |200,001 | | | | |1,001 to|5,001 to| to | to | to | to | to | Over | | | All | 5,000 | 10,000 | 25,000 | 50,000 |100,000 |200,000 |500,000 |500,000 | | |Buildin-| Square | Square | Square | Square | Square | Square | Square | Square | | | gs | Feet | Feet | Feet | Feet | Feet | Feet | Feet | Feet | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Buildings ................ 67,338 6,774 8,238 11,153 9,311 10,112 8,271 6,851 6,628 Principal Building Activity Education .................... 8,651 338 444 883 1,803 2,144 1,484 1,311 Q Food Sales ................... 994 302 Q Q Q Q Q N N Food Service ................. 1,851 754 541 352 Q Q Q N N Health Care .................. 2,918 189 Q 135 274 263 315 756 767 - Inpatient .................. 1,865 N N Q Q Q 243 681 760 - Outpatient ................. 1,053 189 Q Q 235 Q Q Q Q Lodging ...................... 4,521 Q 283 436 1,142 758 530 794 Q Mercantile ................... 10,398 925 1,047 2,131 1,001 1,498 1,765 427 1,605 - Retail (Other Than Mall) ... 4,766 901 749 1,511 400 464 662 Q Q - Enclosed and Strip Malls ... 5,631 Q 298 619 601 1,034 1,103 359 1,593 Office ....................... 12,044 1,212 1,063 1,486 1,191 1,951 1,717 1,560 1,864 Public Assembly .............. 4,393 337 646 968 559 740 285 347 Q Public Order and Safety ...... 1,168 Q Q 365 155 Q Q Q Q Religious Worship ............ 3,405 272 730 1,435 530 Q Q N Q Service ...................... 3,388 825 962 630 380 Q Q Q Q Warehouse and Storage ........ 10,477 790 1,242 1,647 1,693 1,525 1,565 1,290 725 Other ........................ 1,222 Q Q 205 Q Q Q Q Q Vacant ....................... 1,908 497 527 278 246 Q Q Q Q Year Constructed 1919 or Before ............... 4,034 655 791 972 489 483 Q Q Q 1920 to 1945 ................. 6,445 798 776 1,504 673 637 727 705 624 1946 to 1959 ................. 9,127 1,025 1,777 1,488 1,343 1,343 789 796 565 1960 to 1969 ................. 10,866 928 1,165 1,267 1,987 1,698 1,593 1,243 987 1970 to 1979 ................. 11,840 1,056 1,392 2,045 1,587 1,816 1,147 1,206 1,593 1980 to 1989 ................. 13,931 1,153 1,150 2,767 1,594 2,273 2,088 1,307 1,599 1990 to 1999 ................. 11,094 1,159 1,188 1,110 1,638 1,862 1,662 1,344 1,131 Floors One .......................... 26,800 4,898 4,726 4,887 3,929 3,377 2,930 1,328 724 Two .......................... 16,985 1,528 2,263 3,689 2,922 2,799 1,645 1,059 1,081 Three ........................ 8,928 278 942 1,907 1,475 1,776 1,128 942 Q Four to Nine ................. 10,180 Q 308 666 979 2,015 2,112 2,325 1,704 Ten or More .................. 4,445 N N Q Q Q 457 1,197 2,638 Census Region Northeast .................... 12,360 901 1,302 1,954 1,407 1,771 1,461 1,362 2,202 Midwest ...................... 16,761 1,835 2,045 2,881 1,773 2,436 2,279 1,993 1,519 South ........................ 23,485 2,536 3,058 4,194 3,384 3,450 2,864 2,273 1,726 West ......................... 14,731 1,503 1,834 2,124 2,746 2,455 1,666 1,222 1,180 Workers (main shift) Fewer than 5 ................. 14,321 4,230 3,748 3,922 1,361 430 356 Q Q 5 to 9 ....................... 6,325 1,502 1,331 1,557 1,098 444 350 Q N 10 to 19 ..................... 8,028 791 1,792 2,263 1,647 799 Q Q Q 20 to 49 ..................... 10,814 235 1,174 2,510 2,759 2,437 955 635 Q 50 to 99 ..................... 8,898 Q Q 819 1,690 3,172 2,000 598 Q 100 to 249 ................... 8,356 Q Q Q 692 2,067 2,552 1,927 979 250 or More .................. 10,595 N N Q Q 762 1,767 3,015 4,977 Weekly Operating Hours 39 or Fewer .................. 6,596 1,712 1,790 1,632 571 269 Q Q Q 40 to 48 ..................... 13,105 1,621 2,595 2,437 2,049 2,483 1,151 656 Q 49 to 60 ..................... 14,200 1,384 1,633 2,712 2,291 2,421 1,534 1,200 1,025 61 to 84 ..................... 12,458 859 1,213 1,952 1,673 1,751 1,710 1,231 2,068 85 to 167 .................... 9,116 745 575 1,419 1,037 1,486 1,751 1,244 859 Open Continuously ............ 11,863 454 432 1,001 1,689 1,702 1,787 2,271 2,528 Ownership and Occupancy Nongovernment Owned .......... 54,994 6,189 7,466 9,655 7,264 7,571 6,509 5,229 5,112 - Owner Occupied ............. 37,785 4,040 5,179 6,736 4,577 4,723 4,097 3,924 4,509 - Nonowner Occupied .......... 15,596 1,686 1,827 2,656 2,496 2,775 2,374 1,190 592 - Unoccupied ................. 1,613 463 Q 264 Q Q Q Q Q Government Owned ............. 12,343 585 772 1,498 2,047 2,541 1,762 1,622 1,516 Vacancy Status Completely Vacant ............ 953 Q Q 124 Q Q Q Q N Mostly Vacant ................ 956 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Partially Vacant ............. 15,520 784 1,430 1,824 1,868 2,291 2,067 1,769 3,487 Not At All Vacant ............ 49,910 5,493 6,281 9,051 7,196 7,726 6,127 4,940 3,094 Number of Establishments One .......................... 43,343 5,358 5,952 7,812 6,720 6,063 4,798 4,126 2,514 2 to 5 ....................... 10,582 857 1,630 1,982 1,220 1,833 1,453 931 676 6 to 10 ...................... 3,574 Q 137 784 550 845 480 498 Q 11 to 20 ..................... 3,260 Q Q Q 494 839 790 455 416 More than 20 ................. 4,811 Q Q Q Q 432 690 702 2,771 Currently Unoccupied ......... 1,769 512 Q 296 Q Q Q Q Q Energy Sources (more than one may apply) Electricity .................. 65,716 6,280 7,721 10,843 9,175 10,034 8,246 6,790 6,628 Natural Gas .................. 45,525 3,566 5,088 7,001 6,405 7,165 5,915 5,282 5,104 Fuel Oil ..................... 13,285 620 583 983 983 1,612 1,875 2,984 3,645 District Heat ................ 5,891 Q Q 414 660 933 903 1,003 1,707 District Chilled Water ....... 2,750 Q Q Q 294 525 630 470 630 Propane ...................... 6,290 635 986 1,203 568 865 854 616 562 Other ........................ 2,322 292 Q 290 250 350 Q Q Q Energy End Uses (more than one may apply) Buildings with Space Heating . 61,602 5,684 7,090 9,865 8,565 9,597 7,893 6,445 6,465 Buildings with Cooling ....... 58,474 4,879 6,212 9,530 8,116 9,401 7,609 6,345 6,382 Buildings with Water Heating . 56,115 4,280 5,748 9,000 8,088 8,887 7,527 6,258 6,327 Buildings with Cooking ....... 24,681 1,095 1,272 2,415 2,630 3,901 4,092 4,254 5,020 Buildings with Manufacturing . 3,126 Q 318 519 390 600 478 283 Q Buildings with Electricity Generation .................. 11,882 Q Q 433 813 1,920 1,836 2,778 3,725 Percent of Floorspace Heated Not Heated ................... 5,736 1,091 1,148 1,289 746 515 378 406 Q 1 to 50 ...................... 7,593 707 1,504 1,611 1,078 877 739 589 487 51 to 99 ..................... 10,745 750 1,177 1,936 1,690 1,407 946 1,341 1,498 100 .......................... 43,264 4,227 4,409 6,317 5,796 7,313 6,207 4,515 4,480 Percent of Floorspace Cooled Not Cooled ................... 8,864 1,895 2,026 1,623 1,195 711 662 506 Q 1 to 50 ...................... 16,846 1,084 2,233 3,829 2,517 2,574 1,701 1,950 957 51 to 99 ..................... 16,966 838 1,435 2,224 2,128 2,668 2,281 2,339 3,053 100 .......................... 24,662 2,957 2,544 3,477 3,470 4,159 3,627 2,055 2,372 Percent Lit When Open Zero ......................... 173 Q Q Q Q N Q N N 1 to 50 ...................... 9,187 1,061 2,014 2,320 1,474 925 529 448 415 51 to 99 ..................... 20,665 1,499 2,614 3,085 3,013 3,657 2,247 2,345 2,206 100 .......................... 34,233 3,299 2,793 4,953 4,499 5,387 5,407 3,914 3,982 Building Never Open/ Electricity Not Used ........ 3,080 849 811 762 278 Q Q Q Q Heating Equipment (more than one may apply) Heat Pumps ................... 8,923 679 745 1,288 1,376 1,493 1,095 996 1,250 Furnaces ..................... 14,449 2,271 2,848 3,047 1,674 1,718 1,283 807 802 Individual Space Heaters ..... 17,349 1,183 1,350 3,021 2,218 2,492 2,467 1,974 2,643 District Heat ................ 5,534 Q Q 307 617 905 883 963 1,698 Boilers ...................... 19,522 463 1,040 2,047 2,591 3,698 3,334 3,268 3,081 Packaged Heating Units ....... 25,743 1,779 2,301 3,994 3,695 4,262 3,811 2,943 2,959 Other ........................ 4,073 250 Q 401 510 511 450 782 903 Cooling Equipment (more than one may apply) Residential-Type Central Air Conditioners ............ 8,329 890 1,606 1,420 860 1,221 905 715 712 Heat Pumps ................... 9,147 700 707 1,270 1,304 1,593 1,229 1,126 1,219 Individual Air Conditioners .. 14,276 962 1,396 2,482 2,140 2,057 1,834 2,032 1,373 District Chilled Water ....... 2,750 Q Q Q 294 525 630 470 630 Central Chillers ............. 12,909 Q Q 307 919 1,989 2,331 2,963 4,223 Packaged Air Conditioning Units ....................... 36,527 2,613 3,197 6,031 5,120 6,164 5,217 4,106 4,080 Swamp Coolers ................ 2,219 253 181 207 325 477 307 Q Q Other ........................ 1,312 Q Q Q 153 Q Q Q Q Main Equipment Replaced Since 1995 (more than one may apply) Heating ...................... 13,220 1,325 1,757 2,472 2,145 2,214 1,359 1,141 807 Cooling ...................... 17,390 1,399 1,638 3,402 2,614 2,709 1,809 2,032 1,787 Lighting Equipment Types (more than one may apply) Incandescent ................. 38,156 2,946 4,047 6,055 5,004 5,880 4,685 4,396 5,143 Standard Fluorescent ......... 60,344 5,154 6,722 9,815 8,344 9,525 7,817 6,423 6,544 Compact Fluorescent .......... 20,666 738 1,108 1,759 2,296 3,425 3,429 3,575 4,336 High Intensity Discharge ..... 19,223 245 663 1,701 2,224 3,101 3,633 3,259 4,397 Halogen ...................... 17,926 600 991 1,996 1,611 2,929 3,241 2,677 3,882 Other ........................ 1,004 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Personal Computers None ......................... 9,583 2,987 2,983 1,839 825 310 305 305 Q 1 to 4 ....................... 13,853 2,351 2,964 4,383 2,133 947 807 Q Q 5 to 9 ....................... 6,528 936 752 1,520 1,439 1,240 396 Q Q 10 to 19 ..................... 7,514 387 1,147 1,432 1,259 1,393 830 730 Q 20 to 49 ..................... 8,087 Q 366 1,303 1,662 1,757 1,657 692 540 50 to 99 ..................... 5,867 Q Q 578 1,227 1,708 957 813 557 100 to 249 ................... 6,818 Q Q Q 659 2,121 1,620 1,027 1,289 250 or More .................. 9,088 N N N Q 635 1,698 2,874 3,774 Photocopiers None ......................... 21,631 4,851 5,062 4,841 2,878 1,974 1,016 704 Q One .......................... 12,928 1,487 2,237 3,430 2,495 1,613 1,090 378 Q 2 to 4 ....................... 15,620 427 737 2,348 2,770 3,819 2,543 1,998 978 5 to 9 ....................... 5,384 Q Q 394 643 1,200 1,234 1,038 665 10 or More ................... 11,774 N N Q 526 1,507 2,389 2,733 4,479 Other Electronic Equipment (more than one may apply) Laser Printers ............... 46,567 2,190 3,206 6,508 6,550 8,540 7,183 6,109 6,281 FAX Machines ................. 54,764 3,594 4,931 8,093 7,773 9,563 7,786 6,425 6,599 Medical Diagnostic Equipment . 2,493 Q Q Q 193 245 296 732 673 Energy-Related Space Functions (more than one may apply) Commercial Food Preparation .. 23,328 1,005 1,129 2,002 2,472 3,729 3,923 4,104 4,965 Activities with Large Amounts of Hot Water ........ 21,793 760 1,063 2,331 3,158 3,346 3,547 3,666 3,922 Building Shell Conservation Features (more than one may apply) Multipaned Windows ........... 38,193 3,052 3,806 5,506 5,027 6,209 5,064 4,499 5,030 Tinted, Reflective, or Shading Glass ............... 29,915 1,530 2,423 3,385 3,993 4,866 4,938 4,032 4,746 HVAC Conservation Features (more than one may apply) Variable Air-Volume System ... 19,387 634 1,058 1,309 2,115 3,430 3,350 3,077 4,414 Economizer Cycle ............. 21,256 640 798 1,392 2,219 3,679 4,164 3,408 4,955 HVAC Maintenance ............. 53,395 3,690 4,671 8,100 7,560 9,044 7,613 6,207 6,510 Energy Management and Control System (EMCS) ....... 21,613 511 475 1,391 2,299 3,953 4,267 3,930 4,787 Lighting Conservation Features (more than one may apply) Specular Reflectors .......... 19,994 1,171 1,389 1,970 2,384 3,285 2,837 3,087 3,870 Electronic Ballasts .......... 42,035 2,736 4,044 5,620 5,468 6,903 6,366 5,248 5,650 Skylights or Atriums ......... 18,286 556 977 1,949 2,251 2,745 2,765 2,898 4,144 Off-Hour Equipment Reduction (more than one may apply) Heating ...................... 39,969 4,018 5,522 6,731 5,788 6,269 5,007 3,315 3,318 Cooling ...................... 39,161 3,703 4,901 6,912 5,484 6,322 4,854 3,438 3,546 Lighting ..................... 51,083 5,227 6,819 9,236 7,153 8,069 6,268 4,265 4,046 Office Equipment ............. 9,063 Q Q 852 1,403 2,625 1,927 1,213 825 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled. N=No responding cases in sample. Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals. Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.